Zafer Mengeloglu, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Abant Izzet Baysal University School of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
Tekin Tas, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Abant Izzet Baysal University School of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey.
Pak J Med Sci. 2014 Mar;30(2):380-3. doi: 10.12669/pjms.302.4276.
Autoantibodies are immunglobulins occurred directly against autoantigens that are known as endogen antigens. Autoimmune disease is an occasion that the body begins a fight against its own cells and tissues. The antibodies that are created by the body against its own cell nuclei are called as anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), and one of the methods used for detection and pattern of ANA is indirect immunofluorescence test (IIF). In the present study, it was aimed to determine the rate of ANA positivity and patterns of the positive specimens, and to investigate the relationship between ANA positivity and diseases in patients.
ANA test results of a total of 3127 patients admitted during March 2010 to December 2012 were evaluated retrospectively. ANA test (HEp 20-10, EUROIMMUN, Germany) was used in dilution of 1:100 in IIF test.
A total of 494 (15.8%) resulted as ANA positive. ANA positivity rate was significantly higher in female patients than the male ones (p<0.001). The most frequent ANA patterns were coarse speckled pattern (154 patients, 31.2%), nucleolar pattern (89 patients, 18.0%), fine speckled pattern (57 patients, 11.5%), and speckled pattern (48 patients, 9.7%). ANA positivity was most commonly determined in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (42 patients, 8.5%), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (29 patients, 5.9%), and rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) (28 patients, 5.7%). The most frequent symptoms or findings were joint pain (127 patients, 26.0%) and anemia (28 patients, 5.7%). ANA positivity rates were found to be significantly higher in patients with RA (p<0.001), with SLE (p<0.001), and with Raynaud phenomenon (p=0.001) in comparison to the controls. Amongst the most frequent diseases evaluated, no significant differences were found between the control groups and the groups of RV (p=0.089), multiple sclerosis (p=0.374), and Sjögren syndrome (p=0.311) in terms of ANA positivity rates.
The present study is the first study reporting the positivity rate and distribution of ANA in Bolu located in northwestern Turkey. Information about the pattern types and the distribution of the patterns according to the diseases and symptoms contribute in diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. It is observed that clinical diagnosis has been supported significantly by ANA test according to data of our study.
自身抗体是直接针对自身抗原的免疫球蛋白，也被称为内源性抗原。自身免疫性疾病是指身体开始对抗自身细胞和组织的一种情况。由身体产生的针对自身细胞核的抗体被称为抗核抗体（ANA），ANA 的检测和模式之一是间接免疫荧光试验（IIF）。本研究旨在确定 ANA 阳性率和阳性标本的模式，并探讨 ANA 阳性与患者疾病之间的关系。
回顾性分析 2010 年 3 月至 2012 年 12 月期间共 3127 例患者的 ANA 检测结果。ANA 检测（HEp 20-10，EUROIMMUN，德国）在 IIF 试验中以 1:100 的稀释度进行。
共有 494 例（15.8%）ANA 阳性。女性患者的 ANA 阳性率明显高于男性（p<0.001）。最常见的 ANA 模式为粗颗粒斑（154 例，31.2%）、核仁型（89 例，18.0%）、细颗粒斑（57 例，11.5%）和斑点型（48 例，9.7%）。ANA 阳性最常见于类风湿关节炎（RA）（42 例，8.5%）、系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）（29 例，5.9%）和类风湿性血管炎（RV）（28 例，5.7%）。最常见的症状或发现是关节疼痛（127 例，26.0%）和贫血（28 例，5.7%）。与对照组相比，RA（p<0.001）、SLE（p<0.001）和雷诺现象（p=0.001）患者的 ANA 阳性率明显更高。在所评估的最常见疾病中，与 RV（p=0.089）、多发性硬化症（p=0.374）和干燥综合征（p=0.311）对照组相比，在 ANA 阳性率方面，RV（p=0.089）、多发性硬化症（p=0.374）和干燥综合征（p=0.311）之间无显著差异。
本研究是首次在土耳其西北部博卢报告 ANA 的阳性率和分布情况。有关疾病和症状的模式类型和分布的信息有助于自身免疫性疾病的诊断。根据我们的研究数据，ANA 检测显著支持了临床诊断。
