Biology Department, Algoma University, 1520 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON, P6A 2G4, Canada.
J Fish Biol. 2014 May;84(5):1490-502. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12374.
Using semi-natural enclosures, this study investigated (1) whether adult sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus show avoidance of damage-released conspecific cues, damage-released heterospecific cues and predator cues and (2) whether this is a general response to injured heterospecific fishes or a specific response to injured P. marinus. Ten replicate groups of 10 adult P. marinus, separated by sex, were exposed to one of the following nine stimuli: deionized water (control), extracts prepared from adult P. marinus, decayed adult P. marinus (conspecific stimuli), sympatric white sucker Catostomus commersonii, Amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (heterospecific stimuli), 2-phenylethylamine (PEA HCl) solution, northern water snake Nerodia sipedon washing, human saliva (predator cues) and an adult P. marinus extract and human saliva combination (a damage-released conspecific cue and a predator cue). Adult P. marinus showed a significant avoidance response to the adult P. marinus extract as well as to C. commersonii, human saliva, PEA and the adult P. marinus extract and human saliva combination. For mobile P. marinus, the N. sipedon washing induced behaviour consistent with predator inspection. Exposure to the P. pardalis extract did not induce a significant avoidance response during the stimulus release period. Mobile adult female P. marinus showed a stronger avoidance behaviour than mobile adult male P. marinus in response to the adult P. marinus extract and the adult P. marinus extract and human saliva combination. The findings support the continued investigation of natural damage-released alarm cue and predator-based repellents for the behavioural manipulation of P. marinus populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes.
本研究使用半自然围隔，调查了（1）成年海七鳃鳗 Petromyzon marinus 是否会回避因受伤而释放的同种异体线索、受伤的异种类群线索和捕食者线索，以及（2）这是否是对受伤异种类群鱼类的一般反应，还是对受伤的 P. marinus 的特异性反应。将 10 组 10 条成年 P. marinus （按性别分开）暴露于以下 9 种刺激物之一：去离子水（对照）、成年 P. marinus 提取物、腐烂的成年 P. marinus（同种刺激物）、同域白吸盘 Catostomus commersonii、亚马逊帆鳍鲶 Pterygoplichthys pardalis（异种类群刺激物）、2-苯乙胺（PEA HCl）溶液、北方水蛇 Nerodia sipedon 冲洗液、人类唾液（捕食者线索）以及成年 P. marinus 提取物和人类唾液混合物（一种受伤释放的同种异体线索和一种捕食者线索）。成年 P. marinus 对成年 P. marinus 提取物以及 C. commersonii、人类唾液、PEA 和成年 P. marinus 提取物和人类唾液混合物表现出显著的回避反应。对于移动的 P. marinus，N. sipedon 冲洗液引起的行为与捕食者检查一致。暴露于 P. pardalis 提取物在刺激物释放期间不会引起明显的回避反应。移动的成年雌性 P. marinus 对成年 P. marinus 提取物和成年 P. marinus 提取物和人类唾液混合物的回避行为强于移动的成年雄性 P. marinus。这些发现支持对天然损伤释放警报线索和基于捕食者的驱避剂进行进一步研究，以用于操纵大湖中的 P. marinus 种群的行为。
