Espejo Pablo Weilg, Peralta Fiorella Orellana, Pacheres Hernán Cornejo, del Valle Luis J, Tapia Angela Cornejo, Mayra Jorge Bazán, Ruiz Joaquim, Mendoza Juana Del Valle
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas-UPC, Lima, Peru.
Dirección Regional de Salud de Cajamarca (DIRESA-Cajamarca), Cajamarca, Peru.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Jul;108(7):425-30. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/tru059. Epub 2014 Apr 27.
Gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus is responsible for approximately 810 deaths per year in children under 5 years of age in Peru and emerging rotavirus genotypes have led to concerns regarding cross-protection by the vaccines available. Moreover, there are no reports on the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhoea in Peru.
A total of 131 stool samples were obtained from children under 5 years hospitalised from January 2010 to December 2012 in the Hospital Regional de Cajamarca (Peru). ELISA and RT-PCR techniques were performed for rotavirus detection. G and P typing of rotavirus-positive samples were performed by semi-nested multiplex RT-PCR, and sequencing was performed to confirm the PCR results.
Of the 117 samples available, 22 (18.8%) tested positive for rotavirus by ELISA and 42 (35.9%) tested positive by RT-PCR. Among the G genotypes identified, G9 (35.7%; 15/42) and G12 (33.3%; 14/42) were the most prevalent, with the most common combination being G12/P[6] (23.8%; 10/42).
A high prevalence of the G12/P[6] genotype was detected. It is known that this genotype is not covered by the current vaccines available. More in-depth studies are needed to determine the current rotavirus genotypes presents in Peru.
轮状病毒引起的肠胃炎每年在秘鲁导致约810名5岁以下儿童死亡，新出现的轮状病毒基因型引发了对现有疫苗交叉保护作用的担忧。此外，秘鲁尚无关于轮状病毒腹泻分子流行病学的报道。
从2010年1月至2012年12月在秘鲁卡哈马卡地区医院住院的5岁以下儿童中总共采集了131份粪便样本。采用ELISA和RT-PCR技术进行轮状病毒检测。对轮状病毒阳性样本进行G和P分型，采用半巢式多重RT-PCR进行，并行测序以确认PCR结果。
在117份可用样本中，22份（18.8%）ELISA检测轮状病毒呈阳性，42份（35.9%）RT-PCR检测呈阳性。在鉴定出的G基因型中，G9（35.7%；15/42）和G12（33.3%；14/42）最为常见，最常见的组合是G12/P[6]（23.8%；10/42）。
检测到G12/P[6]基因型的高流行率。已知该基因型不在现有疫苗覆盖范围内。需要进行更深入的研究以确定秘鲁目前存在的轮状病毒基因型。
