Petra Anastasia I, Panagiotidou Smaro, Stewart Julia M, Conti Pio, Theoharides Theoharis C
Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2014 Jun;10(6):729-39. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2014.906302. Epub 2014 May 1.
Mast cell (MC) activation disorders present with multiple symptoms including flushing, pruritus, hypotension, gastrointestinal complaints, irritability, headaches, concentration/memory loss and neuropsychiatric issues. These disorders are classified as: cutaneous and systemic mastocytosis with a c-kit mutation and clonal MC activation disorder, allergies, urticarias and inflammatory disorders and mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), idiopathic urticaria and angioedema. MCs are activated by IgE, but also by cytokines, environmental, food, infectious, drug and stress triggers, leading to secretion of multiple mediators. The symptom profile and comorbidities associated with these disorders, such as chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, are confusing. We propose the use of the term 'spectrum' and highlight the main symptoms, useful diagnostic tests and treatment approaches.
肥大细胞（MC）活化障碍表现为多种症状，包括潮红、瘙痒、低血压、胃肠道不适、易怒、头痛、注意力/记忆力减退以及神经精神问题。这些障碍分类如下：伴有c-kit突变的皮肤性和系统性肥大细胞增多症以及克隆性MC活化障碍、过敏、荨麻疹和炎症性疾病、肥大细胞活化综合征（MCAS）、特发性荨麻疹和血管性水肿。MC由IgE激活，但也可由细胞因子、环境、食物、感染、药物和应激触发因素激活，从而导致多种介质的分泌。与这些障碍相关的症状谱和合并症，如慢性疲劳综合征和纤维肌痛，令人困惑。我们建议使用“谱系”一词，并突出主要症状、有用的诊断测试和治疗方法。
