Haneef Zulfi, Chen David K
Kellaway Section of Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA ; Kellaway Section of Neurophysiology, Neurology Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2014 Mar;17(Suppl 1):S56-64. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.128659.
Functional neuro-imaging techniques are helpful in the pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy for localization of the epileptogenic zone as ancillary tools to electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or when other localization techniques are normal, non-concordant or discordant. Positron emission tomography (PET) and ictal single photon emission computed tomography (ictal SPECT) imaging are traditional tests that have been reported to have good sensitivity and specificity although the results are better with more expertise as is true for any technique. More recently magnetoencephalogram/magnetic source imaging (MEG/MSI), diffusion tensor imaging and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been used in localization and functional mapping during the pre-surgical work-up of epilepsy. Newer techniques such as fMRI-EEG, functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging and near infra-red spectroscopy, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magneto nanoparticles hold promise for further development that could then be applied in the work-up of epilepsy surgery. In this manuscript, we review these techniques and their current position in the pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy.
功能神经成像技术有助于癫痫术前评估，作为脑电图（EEG）和磁共振成像（MRI）的辅助工具来定位致痫区，或者在其他定位技术正常、不一致或不相符时发挥作用。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和发作期单光子发射计算机断层扫描（发作期SPECT）成像都是传统检查，据报道它们具有良好的敏感性和特异性，不过和任何技术一样，经验越丰富结果越好。最近，脑磁图/磁源成像（MEG/MSI）、扩散张量成像和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）已用于癫痫术前检查中的定位和功能图谱绘制。诸如功能磁共振成像-脑电图、功能连接磁共振成像、近红外光谱、磁共振波谱和磁性纳米颗粒等新技术有望进一步发展，进而应用于癫痫手术的检查。在本手稿中，我们综述了这些技术及其在癫痫术前评估中的当前地位。
