McDonald Jill A, Mojarro Davila Octavio, Sutton Paul D, Ventura Stephanie J
College of Health and Social Services, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA,
Matern Child Health J. 2015 Jan;19(1):112-20. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1501-4.
Cesarean birth (CB) is more prevalent in the US-Mexico border region than among all US Hispanics. Comparable data from US and Mexican birth certificates can be used to compare prevalence and identify risk factors on either side of the border. Using 2009 US and Mexican birth certificates, we compared the characteristics of US Hispanic and Mexican CBs in six geographic subgroups: US and Mexican border counties/municipios, US and Mexican non-border counties/municipios and the US and Mexico overall. We also explored cesarean prevalence over time. During 2000-2009, CB rates increased from 22.1 to 31.6 % among US Hispanics and from 25.9 to 37.9 % among Hispanics in the US border region. 2009 rates were 44.5 % in Mexico and 43.1 % in the Mexican border region. In both countries, CB rates were similar for primiparas and multiparas. Higher education, being married and parity >4 were associated with CB in Mexico; being married was associated in the US. Hispanic rates were higher in the US border than non-border region for all age groups. Along the border, cesarean rates for Hispanics were highest in Texas (43.5 %) and neighboring Tamaulipas (49.8 %). Higher cesarean prevalence in Mexico than in US Hispanics, while unexplained, is consistent with high prevalence in some Latin American countries. Higher cesarean prevalence among Hispanics in the US border region than among Hispanics nationwide cannot be explained by maternal age or parity. Medical indications are also unlikely to explain such high rates, which are undesirable for mothers and infants.
剖宫产在美国与墨西哥边境地区比所有美国西班牙裔中更为普遍。来自美国和墨西哥出生证明的可比数据可用于比较患病率并确定边境两侧的风险因素。利用2009年美国和墨西哥的出生证明，我们比较了六个地理亚组中美国西班牙裔和墨西哥剖宫产的特征：美国和墨西哥边境县/市、美国和墨西哥非边境县/市以及美国和墨西哥总体情况。我们还探讨了剖宫产患病率随时间的变化。在2000 - 2009年期间，美国西班牙裔的剖宫产率从22.1%升至31.6%，美国边境地区西班牙裔的剖宫产率从25.9%升至37.9%。2009年墨西哥的剖宫产率为44.5%，墨西哥边境地区为43.1%。在两国，初产妇和经产妇的剖宫产率相似。在墨西哥，高等教育、已婚和平产次>4与剖宫产有关；在美国，已婚与之有关。所有年龄组中，美国边境地区西班牙裔的剖宫产率高于非边境地区。在边境沿线，得克萨斯州（43.5%）和邻近的塔毛利帕斯州（49.8%）西班牙裔的剖宫产率最高。墨西哥的剖宫产患病率高于美国西班牙裔，虽然原因不明，但与一些拉丁美洲国家的高患病率一致。美国边境地区西班牙裔的剖宫产患病率高于全国西班牙裔，这无法用产妇年龄或产次来解释。医学指征也不太可能解释如此高的剖宫产率，这对母婴来说是不利的。
