Dixon Matthew L, Christoff Kalina
Department of Psychology and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Department of Psychology and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Sep;45:9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.04.011. Epub 2014 May 2.
Tremendous progress has been made in discerning the neurocognitive basis of value-based decision making and learning. Although the majority of studies to date have employed simple task paradigms, recent work has started to examine more complex aspects of value processing including: the value of engaging rule-based cognitive control; the integration of multiple pieces of information (e.g., reward magnitude and delay) to discern the best course of action; pursuing future rewards; valuation of abstract concepts (e.g., fairness); and comparing the value of executed versus imagined alternative actions. We provide a comprehensive review of functional neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and lesion evidence suggesting that the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) plays a critical role in these complex aspects of value processing. In particular, we focus on the specific information that the LPFC represents, and argue that it includes both cognitive and value-based information. We also discuss how the role of the LPFC is distinct from other value-related regions. Finally, we articulate a framework for understanding the contribution of subregions along the rostro-caudal axis of the LPFC, and thereby bridge the cognitive control and decision making literatures.
在识别基于价值的决策和学习的神经认知基础方面已经取得了巨大进展。尽管迄今为止的大多数研究都采用了简单的任务范式，但最近的研究开始考察价值处理的更复杂方面，包括：运用基于规则的认知控制的价值；整合多条信息（如奖励大小和延迟）以辨别最佳行动方案；追求未来奖励；对抽象概念（如公平）的评估；以及比较已执行行动与想象中的替代行动的价值。我们对功能神经影像学、电生理和损伤证据进行了全面综述，表明外侧前额叶皮层（LPFC）在价值处理的这些复杂方面起着关键作用。特别是，我们关注LPFC所代表的特定信息，并认为它包括认知信息和基于价值的信息。我们还讨论了LPFC的作用如何与其他价值相关区域不同。最后，我们阐述了一个框架，用于理解LPFC沿前后轴的子区域的贡献，从而架起认知控制和决策文献之间的桥梁。
