Fallon Erica M, Nazarian Ara, Nehra Deepika, Pan Amy H, O'Loughlin Alison A, Nose Vania, Puder Mark
Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Surg Res. 2014 Sep;191(1):148-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 Apr 12.
As low bone mineral density is a risk factor for fracture in childhood, optimizing age appropriate bone mass is recommended and might lower the impact of bone loss related to age. Consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids have been shown to beneficially modulate bone metabolism. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of fracture in neonates receiving a fish compared with soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsion and evaluate the effect of varying dietary omega-3 PUFA consumption on growing bone in young mice.
Eligibility criteria for the clinical study included gestational age ≤37 wk and parenteral nutrition-dependence for ≥4 wk. Radiographs were reviewed after lipid initiation to identify radiologic bone fracture. The animal study evaluated female C57/Bl6 mice randomized into one of five groups from age 3-12 wk, at which time femurs were harvested for micro-computed tomography and light microscopy analysis.
A lower incidence of bone fracture was found in neonates maintained on fish compared with soybean oil. In the animal study, findings suggest the DHA diet provides the best protection against trabecular bone loss as evidenced by increased bone volume fraction, increased trabecular number, and decreased trabecular separation on micro-computed tomography. These protective effects appeared to affect the bone microstructure alone.
The lower fracture risk observed in fish oil fed neonates in combination with the protective effects of DHA observed in the femurs of young C57/BL6 mice suggest an important role for omega-3 PUFAs on bone growth.
由于低骨矿物质密度是儿童骨折的一个风险因素，因此建议优化适合年龄的骨量，这可能会降低与年龄相关的骨质流失的影响。已表明摄入ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），包括二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），可有益地调节骨代谢。本研究的目的是确定接受鱼油与大豆油基静脉脂质乳剂的新生儿骨折的发生率，并评估不同饮食中ω-3 PUFA摄入量对幼鼠生长中骨骼的影响。
临床研究的纳入标准包括胎龄≤37周且肠外营养依赖≥4周。在开始使用脂质后复查X线片以确定放射性骨折。动物研究评估了3至12周龄时随机分为五组之一的雌性C57/Bl6小鼠，此时采集股骨进行微型计算机断层扫描和光学显微镜分析。
与大豆油相比，接受鱼油的新生儿骨折发生率较低。在动物研究中，结果表明DHA饮食对小梁骨丢失提供了最佳保护，微型计算机断层扫描显示骨体积分数增加、小梁数量增加和小梁间距减小。这些保护作用似乎仅影响骨微结构。
在喂食鱼油的新生儿中观察到较低的骨折风险，以及在年轻C57/BL6小鼠股骨中观察到DHA的保护作用，这表明ω-3 PUFA对骨骼生长具有重要作用。
