Rossignol Daniel A, Frye Richard E
Rossignol Medical Center Irvine, CA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, AR, USA.
Front Physiol. 2014 Apr 22;5:150. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00150. eCollection 2014.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are defined solely on the basis of behavioral observations. Therefore, ASD has traditionally been framed as a behavioral disorder. However, evidence is accumulating that ASD is characterized by certain physiological abnormalities, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and immune dysregulation/inflammation. While these abnormalities have been reported in studies that have examined peripheral biomarkers such as blood and urine, more recent studies have also reported these abnormalities in brain tissue derived from individuals diagnosed with ASD as compared to brain tissue derived from control individuals. A majority of these brain tissue studies have been published since 2010. The brain regions found to contain these physiological abnormalities in individuals with ASD are involved in speech and auditory processing, social behavior, memory, and sensory and motor coordination. This manuscript examines the evidence linking oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and immune dysregulation/inflammation in the brain of ASD individuals, suggesting that ASD has a clear biological basis with features of known medical disorders. This understanding may lead to new testing and treatment strategies in individuals with ASD.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一组异质性神经发育障碍，仅根据行为观察来定义。因此，传统上ASD被视为一种行为障碍。然而，越来越多的证据表明，ASD具有某些生理异常特征，包括氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍和免疫失调/炎症。虽然这些异常在研究外周生物标志物（如血液和尿液）的研究中已有报道，但最近的研究也报告称，与来自对照个体的脑组织相比，被诊断为ASD的个体的脑组织中也存在这些异常。这些脑组织研究中的大多数是自2010年以来发表的。在患有ASD的个体中发现含有这些生理异常的脑区涉及言语和听觉处理、社会行为、记忆以及感觉和运动协调。本手稿研究了将ASD个体大脑中的氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍和免疫失调/炎症联系起来的证据，表明ASD具有明确的生物学基础，具有已知医学疾病的特征。这种认识可能会为ASD个体带来新的检测和治疗策略。
