Garrido-Urbani Sarah, Jaquet Vincent, Imhof Beat A
Centre médical universitaire, département pathologie et immunologie, faculté de médecine, université de Genève, 1, rue Michel Servet, 1211 Genève, Suisse.
Med Sci (Paris). 2014 Apr;30(4):415-21. doi: 10.1051/medsci/20143004016. Epub 2014 May 5.
Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant mechanisms. It is characterized by damage of all cellular components, DNA, proteins, lipids. ROS are nevertheless important for the physiology of an organism, as they are involved in the innate immune defense and several intracellular signaling pathways. They play an important role in tumorigenesis by promoting tumor vasculature, which is essential to their growth and metastatic processes. There are many sources of ROS in the cells, but the NOX enzymes (NADPH oxidase-dependent) are now recognized to have a major role in the oxidative stress process. Indeed, they are present in many tissues where their only function is to produce ROS. This article discusses the NOX in endothelial cells and their role in the tumor angiogenesis.
氧化应激是活性氧（ROS）生成与抗氧化机制之间失衡的结果。其特征是所有细胞成分（DNA、蛋白质、脂质）受损。然而，ROS对生物体的生理功能很重要，因为它们参与先天免疫防御和多种细胞内信号通路。它们通过促进肿瘤血管生成在肿瘤发生中起重要作用，而肿瘤血管生成对肿瘤的生长和转移过程至关重要。细胞内ROS有多种来源，但现在认为NOX酶（依赖NADPH氧化酶）在氧化应激过程中起主要作用。事实上，它们存在于许多组织中，其唯一功能就是产生ROS。本文讨论了内皮细胞中的NOX及其在肿瘤血管生成中的作用。
