Harper Leia A, Coleman Jennifer A, Perrin Paul B, Olivera Silvia Leonor, Perdomo Jose Libardo, Arango Jose Anselmo, Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(1):127-36. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2013.04.0086.
Although research has investigated the mental health of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), an overwhelming majority of this research has been conducted in the United States, Western Europe, and other developed countries. The purpose of this study was to compare the mental health of individuals with SCI with able-bodied controls in Neiva, Colombia, South America. Subjects included 40 Colombians with SCI and 42 age- and sex-matched controls (N = 82). The groups did not differ based on age, sex, years of education, or socioeconomic status. However, controls were twice as likely to be married. Four measures assessed mental health, including satisfaction with life (Satisfaction with Life Scale), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). In comparison with able-bodied controls, individuals with SCI reported significantly lower mental health on both depressive symptoms and satisfaction with life. These effect sizes were medium and large, respectively. The groups did not differ significantly on measures of self-esteem or anxiety. Mental health of individuals with SCI should be considered a central part of SCI rehabilitation interventions, particularly in Latin America.
尽管已有研究对脊髓损伤（SCI）患者的心理健康状况进行了调查，但绝大多数此类研究是在美国、西欧及其他发达国家开展的。本研究旨在比较南美洲哥伦比亚内瓦市脊髓损伤患者与健全对照者的心理健康状况。研究对象包括40名患有脊髓损伤的哥伦比亚人和42名年龄及性别匹配的对照者（N = 82）。两组在年龄、性别、受教育年限或社会经济地位方面并无差异。然而，对照者的已婚可能性是脊髓损伤患者的两倍。采用四项指标评估心理健康状况，包括生活满意度（生活满意度量表）、抑郁症状（患者健康问卷-9）、自尊（罗森伯格自尊量表）和焦虑（状态-特质焦虑量表）。与健全对照者相比，脊髓损伤患者在抑郁症状和生活满意度方面的心理健康状况显著更低。这些效应量分别为中等和较大。两组在自尊或焦虑指标上无显著差异。脊髓损伤患者的心理健康应被视为脊髓损伤康复干预的核心部分，尤其是在拉丁美洲。
