Yu Charles Q, Ta Christopher N
Byers Eye Institute at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 2452 Watson Court, Palo Alto, CA, 94303, USA.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul;252(7):1027-31. doi: 10.1007/s00417-014-2644-0. Epub 2014 May 8.
Intravitreal injections are the fastest growing cause of endophthalmitis and can result in severe vision loss. The prevention, diagnosis and management of such infections remain unclear and at times controversial.
We searched Pubmed for keywords "prophylaxis," "endophthalmitis," "intravitreal injection." We focused on studies published in the last 2 years as well as other recent studies with particular attention to data on the incidence, microbiology, prevention, and treatment of injection-related endophthalmitis.
Over 20 relevant studies were found. With povidone-iodine preparation, the per-injection endophthalmitis rate is low at about 0.03%. Antibiotics do not appear to be beneficial for prevention of post-injection endophthalmitis. The best timing of vitrectomy is unclear.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is probably not needed when giving intravitreal injections. More data is needed to help determine the proper treatment for post-injection endophthalmitis.
玻璃体内注射是眼内炎发病率增长最快的原因，可导致严重视力丧失。此类感染的预防、诊断和管理仍不明确，有时还存在争议。
我们在PubMed上搜索了关键词“预防”“眼内炎”“玻璃体内注射”。我们重点关注过去两年发表的研究以及其他近期研究，特别关注与注射相关眼内炎的发病率、微生物学、预防和治疗数据。
发现了20多项相关研究。使用聚维酮碘制剂时，每次注射的眼内炎发生率较低，约为0.03%。抗生素似乎对预防注射后眼内炎没有益处。玻璃体切割术的最佳时机尚不清楚。
进行玻璃体内注射时可能不需要抗生素预防。需要更多数据来帮助确定注射后眼内炎的恰当治疗方法。
