Játiva Raquel, Cerezo M Angeles
Aggression and Family Research Unit, University of Valencia, Spain.
Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Jul;38(7):1180-90. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 May 5.
The objectives of the present study were to analyze the relationship between victimization and psychological maladjustment in adolescents and the role of self-compassion as a mediator in this relationship. The sample was composed of 109 adolescents aged from 15 to 18 years old with poor school performance. The participants filled out a battery of questionnaires made up of: a socio-demographic data questionnaire; the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ); the Youth Self-Report (YSR); and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Results indicated that victimization was positively associated with psychological maladjustment. Moreover, adolescents reporting poly-victimization showed significantly higher level of psychological maladjustment and different types of victimization show different effects on adolescents' psychological maladjustment. Self-compassion partially mediated the relationship between victimization and psychological maladjustment and reduced negative consequences in adolescents who reported having been victimized. Adolescence is a time of development and search for identity in which strengthening personal protective factors could help overcome any traumas experienced. Therefore, developing self-compassion in adolescence could be a good way to help young people recover from bad experiences and protect themselves against future negative experiences. As self-compassion can be improved with practice it could be included in adolescent intervention and prevention programs.
本研究的目的是分析青少年受侵害经历与心理失调之间的关系，以及自我同情在这种关系中作为中介变量的作用。样本由109名年龄在15至18岁之间、学业成绩较差的青少年组成。参与者填写了一系列问卷，包括：社会人口统计学数据问卷、青少年受侵害经历问卷（JVQ）、青少年自我报告（YSR）和自我同情量表（SCS）。结果表明，受侵害经历与心理失调呈正相关。此外，报告多重受侵害经历的青少年表现出明显更高水平的心理失调，不同类型的受侵害经历对青少年心理失调有不同影响。自我同情部分中介了受侵害经历与心理失调之间的关系，并减轻了报告曾受侵害的青少年的负面后果。青春期是一个发展和寻求身份认同的时期，强化个人保护因素有助于克服所经历的任何创伤。因此，在青春期培养自我同情可能是帮助年轻人从不良经历中恢复并保护自己免受未来负面经历影响 的好方法。由于自我同情可以通过练习得到改善，它可以纳入青少年干预和预防项目中。
