麻疯树种子储存条件下含油量分析

Analysis of oil content of Jatropha curcas seeds under storage condition.

出版信息

J Environ Biol. 2014 May;35(3):571-5.

Abstract

Jatropha curcas has been recognized as an ideal plant for biodiesel. There are unlimited reasons to consider Jatropha curcas a better tree borne oilseed plants than any other as it grows well on arid soils and entail minimal investment. The present study evaluates the effect of seed storage on quality and quantity of oil content such that it can be used for oil extraction and ensures availability of biodiesel throughout the year. The seeds were collected and stored at four temperatures viz. -5 °C, 0 °C, 5 °C and room temperature (open air condition) for 15 months of storage durations and evaluated at every three months interval. There was a significant decrease in oil content and oil quality with increase in storage duration. Although, the seed stored at temperature 5 °C gave the highest quality and quantity attributes at all durations. The first 3 months of storage account for the least decline as in the initial oil content in Kernel weight basis (54.61%) and seed weight basis (36.12%), there was a only decrease of 4.67% and 4.97% respectively at 5 °C whereas in other temperatures viz. -5 °C, 0 °C and room temperature (open air condition), there was a decline of 18.11, 14.48 and 9.06% in kernel weight basis and 18.36, 15.14 and 9.30% in seed weight basis respectively which accelerated with duration. Similarly, quality parameters viz. moisture content, acid value, iodine value, saponification value, refractive index (30 °C), relative viscosity and specific gravity were initially as 7.59%, 1.42 mg KOH g⁻¹ oil, 108.61 g l₂ 100 g⁻¹ oil, 189.37 mg KOH g⁻¹ oil, 1.466, 21.30 and 0.911 respectively which change to 13.71%, 1.74 mg KOH g⁻¹ oil, 107.95 g l₂ 100 g⁻¹ oil, 191.48 mg KOH g⁻¹ oil, 1.470, 23.45 and 0.918, respectively after 3 months of storage. Hence, change in quality and quantity parameters indicated the importance of proper seed storage on availability of bio-diesel throughout the year and economics in its processing i e., transesterification.

摘要

麻疯树已被公认为是一种生产生物柴油的理想植物。有无数理由认为麻疯树是一种比其他任何植物都更好的木本油料植物，因为它在干旱土壤中生长良好且所需投资极少。本研究评估了种子储存对油含量的质量和数量的影响，以便其可用于榨油，并确保全年都有生物柴油供应。收集种子并在四个温度下储存，即 -5°C、0°C、5°C 和室温（露天环境），储存时长为 15 个月，并每隔三个月进行评估。随着储存时长增加，油含量和油质量显著下降。不过，在所有储存时长下，储存在 5°C 的种子具有最高的质量和数量属性。储存的前 3 个月下降最少，以仁重为基础的初始油含量（54.61%）和以种子重量为基础的初始油含量（36.12%），在 5°C 时分别仅下降了 4.67% 和 4.97%，而在其他温度下，即 -5°C、0°C 和室温（露天环境），以仁重为基础分别下降了 18.11%、14.48% 和 9.06%，以种子重量为基础分别下降了 18.36%、15.14% 和 9.30%，且随着时间推移下降加速。同样，质量参数，即水分含量、酸值、碘值、皂化值、折射率（30°C）、相对粘度和比重，最初分别为 7.59%、1.42 毫克氢氧化钾/克油、108.61 克碘/100 克油、189.37 毫克氢氧化钾/克油、1.466、21.30 和 0.911，储存 3 个月后分别变为 13.71%、1.74 毫克氢氧化钾/克油、107.95 克碘/100 克油、191.48 毫克氢氧化钾/克油、1.470、23.45 和 0.918。因此，质量和数量参数的变化表明了妥善储存种子对于全年生物柴油供应及其加工（即酯交换反应）经济性的重要性。