Ablinger Irene, von Heyden Kerstin, Vorstius Christian, Halm Katja, Huber Walter, Radach Ralph
a Neuropsychology , RWTH Aachen University Hospital , Aachen , Germany.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2014;24(6):833-67. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2014.913530. Epub 2014 May 9.
Due to their brain damage, aphasic patients with acquired dyslexia often rely to a greater extent on lexical or segmental reading procedures. Thus, therapy intervention is mostly targeted on the more impaired reading strategy. In the present work we introduce a novel therapy approach based on real-time measurement of patients' eye movements as they attempt to read words. More specifically, an eye movement contingent technique of stepwise letter de-masking was used to support sequential reading, whereas fixation-dependent initial masking of non-central letters stimulated a lexical (parallel) reading strategy. Four lexical and four segmental readers with acquired central dyslexia received our intensive reading intervention. All participants showed remarkable improvements as evident in reduced total reading time, a reduced number of fixations per word and improved reading accuracy. Both types of intervention led to item-specific training effects in all subjects. A generalisation to untrained items was only found in segmental readers after the lexical training. Eye movement analyses were also used to compare word processing before and after therapy, indicating that all patients, with one exclusion, maintained their preferred reading strategy. However, in several cases the balance between sequential and lexical processing became less extreme, indicating a more effective individual interplay of both word processing routes.
由于脑部损伤，患有后天性阅读障碍的失语症患者往往在更大程度上依赖词汇或片段阅读程序。因此，治疗干预大多针对受损更严重的阅读策略。在本研究中，我们引入了一种基于实时测量患者阅读单词时眼动的新型治疗方法。更具体地说，一种逐步字母去掩蔽的眼动 contingent 技术被用于支持顺序阅读，而非中央字母的注视依赖初始掩蔽则刺激了词汇（平行）阅读策略。四名患有后天性中央阅读障碍的词汇阅读者和四名片段阅读者接受了我们的强化阅读干预。所有参与者都有显著改善，表现为总阅读时间减少、每个单词的注视次数减少以及阅读准确性提高。两种干预方式在所有受试者中都产生了特定项目的训练效果。仅在片段阅读者接受词汇训练后，才发现对未训练项目有泛化现象。眼动分析还用于比较治疗前后的单词处理情况，表明除一人外，所有患者都保持了他们偏好的阅读策略。然而，在一些情况下，顺序处理和词汇处理之间的平衡变得不那么极端，这表明两种单词处理路径之间的个体相互作用更加有效。
