Allareddy Veerasathpurush, Itty Abraham, Maiorini Elyse, Lee Min Kyeong, Rampa Sankeerth, Allareddy Veerajalandhar, Nalliah Romesh P
Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry-University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.
Pediatric Dental Resident, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Sep;72(9):1756-65. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2014.03.015. Epub 2014 Mar 30.
The objectives of this study were to provide nationally representative estimates of hospital-based emergency department (ED) visits for facial fractures in children and adolescents, examine the burden associated with such visits, identify common types of facial fracture, and examine the role of patient-related demographic factors on the causes of facial fractures.
The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample for 2008 to 2010 was used. All ED visits with a diagnosis of facial fractures in those no older than 21 years were selected. Demographic characteristics, types of facial fracture, causes of injuries, and hospital charges were examined.
During the study period, 336,124 ED visits were for facial fractures in those no older than 21 years. Late adolescents (18 to 21 yr old) and middle adolescents (15 to 17 yr old) comprised 45.6% and 26.6% of all ED visits, respectively. Male patients comprised 74.7% of ED visits. The most common facial fractures were those of the nasal bones and mandible. Younger children were more likely to have falls, pedal cycle accidents, pedestrian accidents, and transport accidents, whereas older groups were more likely to have firearm injuries, motor vehicle traffic accidents, and assaults (P < .05). Female patients were more likely to have falls, motor vehicle traffic accidents, and transport accidents, whereas male patients were more likely to have firearm injuries, pedal cycle accidents, and assaults (P < .05). Those residing at low annual income household levels were at a high risk for having firearm injuries, motor vehicle traffic accidents, and transport accidents (P < .05).
Late adolescents, middle adolescents, and male patients comprise a significant proportion of these ED visits. Age, gender, and household income levels are significantly associated with the causes of facial fracture injuries.
本研究的目的是提供全国范围内具有代表性的儿童和青少年因面部骨折而到医院急诊科就诊的估计数据，研究此类就诊所带来的负担，确定常见的面部骨折类型，并研究患者相关人口统计学因素在面部骨折病因中的作用。
使用2008年至2010年的全国急诊科样本。选取所有21岁及以下诊断为面部骨折的急诊科就诊病例。对人口统计学特征、面部骨折类型、损伤原因和医院费用进行了研究。
在研究期间，21岁及以下因面部骨折到急诊科就诊的病例有336,124例。年龄较大的青少年（18至21岁）和年龄中等的青少年（15至17岁）分别占所有急诊科就诊病例的45.6%和26.6%。男性患者占急诊科就诊病例的74.7%。最常见的面部骨折是鼻骨和下颌骨骨折。年龄较小的儿童更易因跌倒、自行车事故、行人事故和交通事故受伤，而年龄较大的群体更易因火器伤、机动车交通事故和袭击受伤（P < 0.05）。女性患者更易因跌倒、机动车交通事故和交通事故受伤，而男性患者更易因火器伤、自行车事故和袭击受伤（P < 0.05）。年收入水平较低家庭的居民遭受火器伤、机动车交通事故和交通事故的风险较高（P < 0.05）。
年龄较大的青少年、年龄中等的青少年和男性患者占这些急诊科就诊病例的很大比例。年龄、性别和家庭收入水平与面部骨折损伤的病因显著相关。
