Hoppe Ian C, Kordahi Anthony M, Paik Angie M, Lee Edward S, Granick Mark S
New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Newark, NJ 07103, United States.
New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Newark, NJ 07103, United States.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2014 Oct;42(7):1408-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2014.04.002. Epub 2014 Apr 23.
Age and sex-related changes in the pattern of fractures and concomitant injuries observed in this patient population is helpful in understanding craniofacial development and the treatment of these unique injuries. The goal of this study was to examine all facial fractures occurring in a child and adolescent population (age 18 or less) at a trauma center to determine any age or sex-related variability amongst fracture patterns and concomitant injuries.
All facial fractures occurring at a trauma center were collected over a 12-year period based on International Classification of Disease, rev. 9 codes. This was delimited to include only those patients 18 years of age or younger. Age, sex, mechanism, and fracture types were collected and analyzed.
During this time period, there were 3147 patients with facial fractures treated at our institution, 353 of which were in children and adolescent patients. Upon further review 68 patients were excluded due to insufficient data for analysis, leaving 285 patients for review, with a total of 431 fractures. The most common etiology of injury was assault for males and motor vehicle accidents (MVA) for females. The most common fracture was of the mandible in males and of the orbit in females. The most common etiology in younger age groups includes falls and pedestrian struck. Older age groups exhibit a higher incidence of assault-related injuries. Younger age groups showed a propensity for orbital fractures as opposed to older age groups where mandibular fractures predominated. Intracranial hemorrhage was the most common concomitant injury across most age groups.
The differences noted in etiology of injury, fracture patterns, and concomitant injuries between sexes and different age groups likely reflects the differing activities that each group engages in predominantly. In addition the growing facial skeleton offers varying degrees of protection to the cranial contents as force-absorbing mechanisms develop.
在该患者群体中观察到的骨折模式及伴随损伤的年龄和性别相关变化，有助于理解颅面发育以及这些独特损伤的治疗。本研究的目的是检查创伤中心18岁及以下儿童和青少年群体中发生的所有面部骨折，以确定骨折模式和伴随损伤中是否存在任何年龄或性别相关的差异。
基于国际疾病分类第9版编码，收集了创伤中心12年间发生的所有面部骨折病例。限定仅纳入18岁及以下的患者。收集并分析年龄、性别、损伤机制和骨折类型。
在此期间，我院共治疗了3147例面部骨折患者，其中353例为儿童和青少年患者。进一步审查后，68例因数据不足无法分析而被排除，剩余285例患者可供审查，共有431处骨折。男性受伤的最常见原因是袭击，女性是机动车事故（MVA）。男性最常见的骨折是下颌骨骨折，女性是眼眶骨折。较年轻年龄组中最常见的病因包括跌倒和行人被撞。年龄较大的组中与袭击相关的损伤发生率较高。较年轻年龄组倾向于眼眶骨折，而年龄较大组以下颌骨骨折为主。颅内出血是大多数年龄组中最常见的伴随损伤。
性别和不同年龄组在损伤病因、骨折模式和伴随损伤方面的差异，可能反映了每组主要从事的不同活动。此外，随着吸能机制的发展，不断生长的面部骨骼为颅内内容物提供了不同程度的保护。
