Chen Jer-Min, Hwang Bing-Fang, Chen Yang-Ching, Lee Yungling Leo
Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Departiment of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Prev Med. 2014 Aug;65:116-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.007. Epub 2014 May 11.
The study investigates the association between active smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the development of bronchitis and bronchitic symptoms among adolescents.
A prospective cohort study was conducted with 4134 adolescents aged 12-14 from the Taiwan Children Health Study in 14 communities in Taiwan since 2007. Parents or guardians completed written questionnaires regarding demographic information, household ETS and respiratory symptoms at baseline. The adolescents themselves completed identical questionnaires on respiratory outcomes in the 2009 survey. Associations between active smoking, exposure to ETS and the 2-year incidence of respiratory outcomes were analyzed by multiple Poisson regression models, taking overdispersion into account.
Active smoking was associated with an increased risk of developing chronic cough and chronic phlegm. We found significant dose-response associations between the duration of smoking, the numbers of cigarettes and the onset of bronchitic symptoms. Exposure to ETS was a significant risk factor for the development of chronic cough. Among asthmatic adolescents, exposure to ETS was associated with an additional risk for the onset of chronic phlegm.
This study demonstrates that active smoking and exposure to ETS are associated with higher risks for developing bronchitic symptoms among adolescents.
本研究调查青少年主动吸烟、暴露于环境烟草烟雾（ETS）与支气管炎及支气管炎症状发生之间的关联。
自2007年起，对来自台湾14个社区的4134名12 - 14岁青少年进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，该研究纳入了台湾儿童健康研究。父母或监护人在基线时完成了关于人口统计学信息、家庭ETS暴露情况及呼吸道症状的书面问卷。青少年本人在2009年的调查中完成了关于呼吸道结局的相同问卷。采用多重泊松回归模型分析主动吸烟、暴露于ETS与呼吸道结局2年发病率之间的关联，并考虑了过度离散的情况。
主动吸烟与慢性咳嗽和慢性咳痰风险增加相关。我们发现吸烟持续时间、吸烟数量与支气管炎症状发作之间存在显著的剂量反应关联。暴露于ETS是慢性咳嗽发生的一个重要危险因素。在哮喘青少年中，暴露于ETS与慢性咳痰发作的额外风险相关。
本研究表明，主动吸烟和暴露于ETS与青少年发生支气管炎症状的较高风险相关。
