Stecksén-Blicks Christina, Hasslöf Pamela, Kieri Catarina, Widman Kjerstin
Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2014 Nov;72(8):852-8. doi: 10.3109/00016357.2014.914569. Epub 2014 May 14.
This study assesses the prevalence of caries and some background factors in 4-year-old children in the city of Umeå, northern Sweden, and compares this with data from earlier studies to reveal changes over time.
Children from the catchment areas of three Public Dental Health Service clinics in Umeå (n = 224) born during the third quarter of 2008 were invited to undergo a clinical dental examination. Decayed surfaces (including both dentine and enamel, except for enamel lesions on buccal and lingual surfaces), missing and filled surfaces (dmfs) were recorded using the same methods and criteria as in a series of earlier studies performed between 1980-2007. Background data were collected in a case-history and a questionnaire. Results. The proportion of children with caries significantly decreased from 2007 (38%) to 2012 (22%) (p < 0.05). In addition, the distribution of dmfs differed significantly between these years (p < 0.05). More immigrant children had caries (42%) than non-immigrant children (15%) (p < 0.05). For children with caries, there were no significant changes in the distribution of dmfs between 1980-2012 (p > 0.05). An immigrant background was associated with a lower frequency of tooth brushing and a higher intake of ice cream, sweets and chocolate drinks (p < 0.05).
Although the proportion of children with caries declined between 2007-2012, this decline was limited to non-immigrant children. Since 1980 the distribution of dmfs remained unchanged among children with caries. More research on interventions for changing oral health behaviours is needed, specifically for immigrant children.
本研究评估瑞典北部于默奥市4岁儿童的龋齿患病率及一些背景因素，并将其与早期研究数据进行比较，以揭示随时间的变化情况。
邀请于默奥市三家公共牙科保健服务诊所辖区内2008年第三季度出生的儿童（n = 224）接受临床牙科检查。采用与1980 - 2007年间进行的一系列早期研究相同的方法和标准，记录龋坏面（包括牙本质和釉质，但不包括颊面和舌面的釉质病变）、缺失面和充填面（dmfs）。通过病史记录和问卷收集背景数据。结果。患龋儿童的比例从2007年的38%显著下降至2012年的22%（p < 0.05）。此外，这些年份间dmfs的分布也存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。移民儿童患龋的比例（42%）高于非移民儿童（15%）（p < 0.05）。对于患龋儿童，1980 - 2012年间dmfs的分布无显著变化（p > 0.05）。移民背景与刷牙频率较低以及冰淇淋、糖果和巧克力饮料摄入量较高相关（p < 0.05）。
尽管2007 - 2012年间患龋儿童的比例有所下降，但这种下降仅限于非移民儿童。自1980年以来，患龋儿童中dmfs的分布保持不变。需要针对改变口腔健康行为的干预措施开展更多研究，特别是针对移民儿童。
