Gui Zhe, Duay Jonathon, Hu Junkai, Lee Sang Bok
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014 Jun 28;16(24):12332-40. doi: 10.1039/c4cp00763h.
A redox exchange mechanism between potassium perruthenate (KRuO4) and the functional groups of selected polymers is used here to induce RuO2 into and onto conductive polymer nanowires by simply soaking the polymer nanowire arrays in KRuO4 solution. Conductive polymer nanowire arrays of polypyrrole (PPY) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) were studied in this work. SEM and TEM results show that the RuO2 material was distributed differently in the PPY and PEDOT nanowire matrices. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to confirm the dispersion and formation of RuO2 materials in these polymer nanowires. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments were used to characterize their electrochemical performance. RuO2-polymer samples prepared with a 6 min soaking time in 10 mM KRuO4 solution show a high specific capacitance of 371 F g(-1) and 500 F g(-1) for PEDOT-based and PPY-based composite nanowires, respectively. This is attributed to the high exposure area of the conductive RuO2 and the good conductivity of the polymer matrix. This work demonstrates a simple method to synthesize heterogeneous polymer based-materials through the redox reaction between conductive polymers and high oxidation state transition metal oxide ions. Different heterogeneous nanocomposites were obtained depending on the polymer properties, and high energy storage performance of the metal oxides can be achieved within these heterogeneous nanostructures.
本文采用高钌酸钾（KRuO4）与所选聚合物官能团之间的氧化还原交换机制，通过将聚合物纳米线阵列简单浸泡在KRuO4溶液中，将RuO2引入并附着到导电聚合物纳米线上。本研究中对聚吡咯（PPY）和聚（3,4 - 乙撑二氧噻吩）（PEDOT）的导电聚合物纳米线阵列进行了研究。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）结果表明，RuO2材料在PPY和PEDOT纳米线基质中的分布不同。利用能量色散X射线光谱和X射线光电子能谱来确认RuO2材料在这些聚合物纳米线中的分散和形成情况。采用循环伏安法和恒电流充放电实验来表征其电化学性能。在10 mM KRuO4溶液中浸泡6分钟制备的RuO2 - 聚合物样品，基于PEDOT和PPY的复合纳米线分别显示出371 F g(-1)和500 F g(-1)的高比电容。这归因于导电RuO2的高暴露面积和聚合物基质的良好导电性。这项工作展示了一种通过导电聚合物与高氧化态过渡金属氧化物离子之间的氧化还原反应来合成异质聚合物基材料的简单方法。根据聚合物性质可获得不同的异质纳米复合材料，并且在这些异质纳米结构中可以实现金属氧化物的高储能性能。
