Department of Ophthalmology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 May 15;55(6):3660-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.13-13695.
To assess the association of dietary carbohydrate intake and dietary glycemic index (GI), and risk of age-related cataract (ARC), and quantitatively estimate their dose-response relationships.
We searched Medline, the Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Science Citation Index, ISI Web of Knowledge, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases before October 2013. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality. The random-effect model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs). Dose-response analyses, subgroup analyses based on ARC subtypes, heterogeneity, and publication bias assessment were also carried out.
Seven studies were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled ORs of ARC for the highest versus the lowest category of carbohydrate intake and GI were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.38) and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.00-1.32), respectively. Further subgroup analyses based on ARC subtypes suggested a marginally significant association between higher carbohydrate intake and cortical cataract risk (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.99-1.90), and a statistically significant association between higher GI and nuclear cataract risk (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03-1.46). In addition, a significant dose-response relationship was observed between carbohydrate intake and the risk of cortical cataract.
Our results indicate that higher dietary carbohydrate quantity and GI may be associated with the risk of cortical and nuclear cataract, respectively. The results should be interpreted cautiously and more studies are warranted to clarify this issue.
评估膳食碳水化合物摄入量和膳食血糖生成指数（GI）与年龄相关性白内障（ARC）风险的关系，并定量估计它们的剂量-反应关系。
我们检索了 Medline、Cochrane 图书馆、Excerpta Medica 数据库（EMBASE）、科学信息研究所（ISI）科学引文索引、ISI Web of Knowledge 和中国国家知识基础设施（CNKI）数据库，检索时间截至 2013 年 10 月。两位作者独立提取数据并评估研究质量。采用随机效应模型计算汇总优势比（OR）。还进行了剂量-反应分析、基于 ARC 亚型、异质性和发表偏倚评估的亚组分析。
共有 7 项研究纳入我们的荟萃分析。碳水化合物摄入量和 GI 最高与最低类别相比，ARC 的汇总 OR 分别为 1.18（95%置信区间 [CI]：1.01-1.38）和 1.15（95% CI：1.00-1.32）。基于 ARC 亚型的进一步亚组分析表明，较高的碳水化合物摄入量与皮质白内障风险之间存在边缘显著关联（OR：1.37，95% CI：0.99-1.90），较高的 GI 与核白内障风险之间存在统计学显著关联（OR：1.23，95% CI：1.03-1.46）。此外，还观察到碳水化合物摄入量与皮质白内障风险之间存在显著的剂量-反应关系。
我们的结果表明，较高的膳食碳水化合物量和 GI 可能分别与皮质白内障和核白内障的风险相关。这些结果应谨慎解释，需要更多的研究来阐明这个问题。
