Li Kang, Dan Zeng, Nie Yu-Qiang
Kang Li, Zeng Dan, Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 May 14;20(18):5420-6. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5420.
In recent decades, the study of the mechanism of tumorigenesis has brought much progress to cancer treatment. However, cancer stem cell (CSC) theory has changed previous views of tumors, and has provided a new method for treatment of cancer. The discovery of CSCs and their characteristics have contributed to understanding the molecular mechanism of tumor genesis and development, resulting in a new effective strategy for cancer treatment. Gastric CSCs (GCSCs) are the basis for the onset of gastric cancer. They may be derived from gastric stem cells in gastric tissues, or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. As with other stem cells, GCSCs highly express drug-resistance genes such as aldehyde dehydrogenase and multidrug resistance, which are resistant to chemotherapy and thus form the basis of drug resistance. Many specific molecular markers such as CD44 and CD133 have been used for identification and isolation of GCSCs, diagnosis and grading of gastric cancer, and research on GCSC-targeted therapy for gastric cancer. Therefore, discussion of the recent development and advancements in GCSCs will be helpful for providing novel insight into gastric cancer treatment.
近几十年来，肿瘤发生机制的研究给癌症治疗带来了很大进展。然而，癌症干细胞（CSC）理论改变了以往对肿瘤的看法，并为癌症治疗提供了新方法。癌症干细胞的发现及其特性有助于理解肿瘤发生和发展的分子机制，从而产生了一种新的有效的癌症治疗策略。胃癌症干细胞（GCSCs）是胃癌发病的基础。它们可能来源于胃组织中的胃干细胞，或骨髓间充质干细胞。与其他干细胞一样，胃癌症干细胞高度表达诸如乙醛脱氢酶和多药耐药性等耐药基因，对化疗具有抗性，从而形成耐药的基础。许多特异性分子标志物如CD44和CD133已被用于胃癌症干细胞的鉴定和分离、胃癌的诊断和分级以及针对胃癌症干细胞的胃癌治疗研究。因此，探讨胃癌症干细胞的最新进展将有助于为胃癌治疗提供新的见解。
