Ebeigbe J A, Ebeigbe P N
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2013 Dec;42(4):317-23.
A number of hormones are known to affect intra ocular pressure (IOP). Of these, the female sex hormones are the predominant ones to cause variations in IOP. During menopause, a changing hormone profile in the body causes important shifts in the levels of these hormones. Studies on the effect of menopause on visual function, cardiovascular and ocular hemodynamics showed that menopausal women had significantly higher IOP as compared to premenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of serum levels of sex hormones on IOP in postmenopausal Nigerian women.
This study was an experimental, cross sectional study. Twenty postmenopausal women aged 50 to 55 years (mean age 52 +/- 2.32) and twenty premenopausal women aged 45 to 50 years (mean age 50 +/- 2.13) were selected by systematic random sampling. The women were free from systemic or ocular diseases. IOP was measured and serum levels of progesterone, estradiol and testosterone were determined by hormone assay for all subjects. Data was analyzed by correlation analysis.
Mean IOP between the postmenopausal (16.00 +/- 5.81 mmHg) and premenopausal women (15.50 +/- 3.28 mmHg, p = 0.24) was not statistically significant. Although there was a positive correlation between IOP and estradiol level in the postmenopausal women (r = 0.567, p = 0.009), no significant correlation was found between IOP and serum levels of sex hormones among the premenopausal women.
Our result suggests a relation between levels of estradiol and IOP in postmenopausal Nigerian women. However further studies may be required to determine a direct cause and effect relationship.
已知多种激素会影响眼压（IOP）。其中，女性性激素是导致眼压变化的主要因素。在更年期，体内激素水平的变化会使这些激素的水平发生重要改变。关于更年期对视觉功能、心血管和眼部血流动力学影响的研究表明，与绝经前女性相比，绝经后女性的眼压显著更高。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚绝经后女性血清性激素水平对眼压的影响。
本研究为实验性横断面研究。通过系统随机抽样选取了20名年龄在50至55岁之间（平均年龄52±2.32岁）的绝经后女性和20名年龄在45至50岁之间（平均年龄50±2.13岁）的绝经前女性。这些女性均无全身性或眼部疾病。对所有受试者测量眼压，并通过激素检测测定血清孕酮、雌二醇和睾酮水平。采用相关性分析对数据进行分析。
绝经后女性（16.00±5.81 mmHg）和绝经前女性（15.50±3.28 mmHg，p = 0.24）的平均眼压无统计学差异。虽然绝经后女性的眼压与雌二醇水平呈正相关（r = 0.567，p = 0.009），但绝经前女性的眼压与血清性激素水平之间未发现显著相关性。
我们的结果表明尼日利亚绝经后女性的雌二醇水平与眼压之间存在关联。然而，可能需要进一步研究来确定直接的因果关系。
