Wolff Michael J, Scholz Sabine, Akyürek Elkan G, van Rijn Hedderik
Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2015 Feb;22(1):251-7. doi: 10.3758/s13423-014-0667-5.
In dynamic sensory environments, successive stimuli may be combined perceptually and represented as a single, comprehensive event by means of temporal integration. Such perceptual segmentation across time is intuitively plausible. However, the possible costs and benefits of temporal integration in perception remain underspecified. In the present study pupil dilation was analyzed as a measure of mental effort. Observers viewed either one or two successive targets amidst distractors in rapid serial visual presentation, which they were asked to identify. Pupil dilation was examined dependent on participants' report: dilation associated with the report of a single target, of two targets, and of an integrated percept consisting of the features of both targets. There was a clear distinction between dilation observed for single-target reports and integrations on the one side, and two-target reports on the other. Regardless of report order, two-target reports produced increased pupil dilation, reflecting increased mental effort. The results thus suggested that temporal integration reduces mental effort and may thereby facilitate perceptual processing.
在动态感官环境中，连续的刺激可能会在感知上进行整合，并通过时间整合被表征为一个单一的、综合的事件。这种跨时间的感知分割在直觉上是合理的。然而，时间整合在感知中可能带来的成本和收益仍未明确。在本研究中，瞳孔扩张被作为心理努力的一种度量进行分析。观察者在快速序列视觉呈现中，于干扰物中观看一个或两个连续的目标，并被要求识别它们。根据参与者的报告来检查瞳孔扩张情况：与单个目标报告、两个目标报告以及由两个目标的特征组成的整合感知报告相关的扩张。在单目标报告和整合（一方面）与双目标报告（另一方面）所观察到的扩张之间存在明显区别。无论报告顺序如何，双目标报告都会使瞳孔扩张增加，这反映了心理努力的增加。因此，结果表明时间整合减少了心理努力，从而可能促进感知处理。
