Department of Home Economics and Human Nutrition, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bunda College Campus, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013;83(3):176-87. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000158.
Zinc deficiency is often associated with nutritional iron deficiency (ID), and may be exacerbated by low selenium status.
To investigate risk of iron and zinc deficiency in women with contrasting selenium status.
In a cross-sectional study, 1-day diet composites and blood samples were collected from self-selected Malawian women aged 18-50 years from low- (Zombwe) (n=60) and high-plant-available soil selenium (Mikalango) (n=60) districts. Diets were analyzed for trace elements and blood for biomarkers.
Zinc deficiency (>90 %) was greater than ID anemia (6 %), or ID (5 %), attributed to diets low in zinc (median 5.7 mg/day) with high phytate:zinc molar ratios (20.0), but high in iron (21.0 mg/day) from soil contaminant iron. Zombwe compared to Mikalango women had lower (p<0.05) intakes of selenium (6.5 vs. 55.3 µg/day), zinc (4.8 vs. 6.4 mg/day), iron (16.6 vs. 29.6 mg/day), lower plasma selenium (0.72 vs. 1.60 µmol/L), and higher body iron (5.3 vs. 3.8 mg/kg), although plasma zinc was similar (8.60 vs. 8.87 µmol/L). Body iron and plasma zinc were positive determinants of hemoglobin.
Risk of zinc deficiency was higher than ID and was shown not to be associated with selenium status. Plasma zinc was almost as important as body iron as a hemoglobin determinant.
锌缺乏通常与营养性缺铁（ID）有关，并且可能因硒状态较低而加重。
研究具有不同硒状态的女性缺铁和缺锌的风险。
在一项横断面研究中，从低植物可利用土壤硒（ Zombwe）（n=60）和高植物可利用土壤硒（Mikalango）（n=60）地区自行选择的 18-50 岁马拉维妇女收集了 1 天饮食组合和血液样本。饮食分析微量元素，血液分析生物标志物。
锌缺乏（>90％）大于缺铁性贫血（6％）或缺铁（5％），归因于锌含量低（中位数 5.7mg/天）且植酸：锌摩尔比高（20.0）的饮食，但来自土壤污染物铁的铁含量较高（21.0mg/天）。与 Mikalango 妇女相比，Zombwe 妇女的硒（6.5 vs. 55.3μg/天）、锌（4.8 vs. 6.4mg/天）、铁（16.6 vs. 29.6mg/天）摄入量较低，血浆硒（0.72 vs. 1.60μmol/L）和体内铁（5.3 vs. 3.8mg/kg）较高，尽管血浆锌相似（8.60 vs. 8.87μmol/L）。体内铁和血浆锌是血红蛋白的正向决定因素。
锌缺乏的风险高于缺铁，并且与硒状态无关。血浆锌与体内铁一样，是血红蛋白的重要决定因素。
