Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014 May-Jun;8(3):e201-98. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.01.001.
Epidemiological studies suggest an association between breakfast skipping and body weight gain, insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Time when meal is consumed affects postprandial increase in energy expenditure and blood glucose, and breakfast skipping may reduce 24 h energy expenditure and elevate blood glucose level. The present study evaluated the effect of breakfast skipping on diurnal variation of energy metabolism and blood glucose. The skipped breakfast was compensated by following big meals at lunch and supper. In a randomized repeated-measure design with or without breakfast, eight males stayed twice in a room-size respiratory chamber. Blood glucose was recorded with a continuous glucose monitoring system. Breakfast skipping did not affect 24 h energy expenditure, fat oxidation and thermic effect of food, but increased overall 24 h average of blood glucose (83 ± 3 vs 89 ± 2 mg/dl, P < 0.05). Unlike 24 h glucose level, 24 h energy expenditure was robust when challenged by breakfast skipping. These observations suggest that changes in glucose homeostasis precede that of energy balance, in the potential sequence caused by breakfast skipping, if this dietary habit has any effect on energy balance.:
流行病学研究表明，不吃早餐与体重增加、胰岛素抵抗或 2 型糖尿病之间存在关联。进食时间会影响餐后能量消耗和血糖水平的增加，而不吃早餐可能会降低 24 小时能量消耗并提高血糖水平。本研究评估了不吃早餐对能量代谢和血糖昼夜变化的影响。通过在午餐和晚餐时吃大餐来补偿不吃早餐。在有无早餐的随机重复测量设计中，8 名男性两次在一个房间大小的呼吸室内过夜。通过连续血糖监测系统记录血糖。不吃早餐不会影响 24 小时能量消耗、脂肪氧化和食物的热效应，但会增加 24 小时平均血糖（83 ± 3 与 89 ± 2 mg/dl，P < 0.05）。与 24 小时血糖水平不同，24 小时能量消耗在受到不吃早餐挑战时仍然稳定。这些观察结果表明，如果这种饮食习惯对能量平衡有任何影响，那么在早餐不吃导致的潜在顺序中，葡萄糖稳态的变化先于能量平衡的变化。
