Antunes E, Rodrigues-Simioni L, Prado-Franceschi J
Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil.
Acta Physiol Pharmacol Latinoam. 1989;39(4):431-8.
This paper investigates the neutralizing effect of crotalic and bothropic antivenoms on the histamine-releasing activity of three different Brazilian snake venoms (Crotalus durissus terrificus, Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops alternatus). This relative histamine-releasing activity was determined on peritoneal mixed cells of rats. C. d. terrificus venom was the most efficient histamine-releasing agent (ED50 = 1.25 micrograms/ml) followed by B. jararacussu (ED50 = 1.97 ug/ml) and B. alternatus (ED50 = 15.1 ug/ml) venoms. The histamine-releasing effects eventually produced by antivenom sera (antivenoms) were avoided by the use of small volumes of each one (10-20 ul). Both the monovalent crotalic and the polyvalent bothropic antivenoms were able to neutralize the histamine-releasing activity of the three venoms without specificity. This cross-reaction suggests that the main histamine-releasing factor (s) present in these venoms has similar antigenic constitution.
本文研究了响尾蛇抗蛇毒血清和矛头蝮抗蛇毒血清对三种不同巴西蛇毒（杜氏响尾蛇、巴西矛头蝮和交替矛头蝮）组胺释放活性的中和作用。这种相对组胺释放活性是在大鼠腹膜混合细胞上测定的。杜氏响尾蛇毒是最有效的组胺释放剂（半数有效量=1.25微克/毫升），其次是巴西矛头蝮（半数有效量=1.97微克/毫升）和交替矛头蝮（半数有效量=15.1微克/毫升）毒液。通过使用少量每种抗蛇毒血清（10 - 20微升），避免了抗蛇毒血清最终产生的组胺释放效应。单价响尾蛇抗蛇毒血清和多价矛头蝮抗蛇毒血清均能够非特异性地中和这三种毒液的组胺释放活性。这种交叉反应表明，这些毒液中存在的主要组胺释放因子具有相似的抗原组成。
