Chen Jiezhong, O'Donoghue Adam, Deng Yi-Fu, Zhang Bing, Kent Fanning, O'Hare Tim
School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2014;14(6):800-5. doi: 10.2174/1871520614666140521121317.
Prostate cancer is common in men with very high mortality which is one of leading causes of cancer-related deaths in men. The main treatment approaches for metastasized prostate cancer are androgen deprivation and chemotherapeutic agents. Although there are initial responses to castration, the resistance to the treatment will eventually occur, leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer. The common chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer are docetaxel and taxane but outcomes of using these drugs have not been satisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to find better treatment approaches for prostate cancer and to search for compounds that are effective in prostate cancer prevention. Lycopene extracted from tomato and other fruits or plants such as Gac, watermelon, pink grapefruit, pink guava, red carrot and papaya has been shown to be effective on prostate cancer prevention and treatment. The advantage of the application of lycopene for its anti-prostate cancer activity is that lycopene can reach much higher concentration in prostate tissue than other tissues. In this review, the effect of lycopene on PI3K/Akt pathway is summarised, which could be one of major mechanisms for anti-cancer activity of lycopene.
前列腺癌在男性中很常见，死亡率极高，是男性癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。转移性前列腺癌的主要治疗方法是雄激素剥夺和化疗药物。尽管去势治疗初期有反应，但最终会出现治疗抵抗，导致去势抵抗性前列腺癌。治疗前列腺癌常用的化疗药物是多西他赛和紫杉烷，但使用这些药物的效果并不理想。因此，有必要寻找更好的前列腺癌治疗方法，并寻找对前列腺癌预防有效的化合物。从番茄以及其他水果或植物（如越南乳瓜、西瓜、粉红葡萄柚、番石榴、红萝卜和木瓜）中提取的番茄红素已被证明对前列腺癌的预防和治疗有效。番茄红素应用于抗前列腺癌活性的优势在于，与其他组织相比，番茄红素在前列腺组织中的浓度可以高得多。在这篇综述中，总结了番茄红素对PI3K/Akt通路的影响，这可能是番茄红素抗癌活性的主要机制之一。
