Department of Ophthalmology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 555 South 18th Street, Suite 4C, Columbus, OH 43025, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2014 Jun;61(3):567-77. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
Premature infants born at 30 weeks' gestational age or younger, or 1500 g or smaller, are screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Guidelines for supplemental oxygen in neonatal intensive care units have decreased but not eliminated the incidence of severe ROP. The underlying cause for ROP is prematurity and low birth weight, and with the survival of smaller and younger babies, ROP continues to be a significant problem facing premature infants. Threshold ROP is treated with retinal photocoagulation, but newer treatments such as intraocular injections of bevacizumab (Avastin) are being used alone or in conjunction with laser.
对于胎龄 30 周或更小、体重 1500 克或更小的早产儿，需要进行早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）筛查。新生儿重症监护病房补充氧气的指南已经减少，但并未消除严重 ROP 的发生率。ROP 的根本原因是早产和低出生体重，随着更小和更年轻的婴儿的存活率的提高，ROP 仍然是早产儿面临的一个重大问题。阈值 ROP 采用视网膜光凝治疗，但贝伐单抗（阿瓦斯汀）等新型治疗方法正在单独或联合激光使用。
