Miyaguchi Kazuyoshi, Demura Shinichi, Omoya Masashi
1Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan; 2Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and 3Graduate School, Human and Socio-Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Nov;29(11):3229-33. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000543.
According to dynamic analyses of muscle contraction, jump rope is a typical stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) movement. It has been reported that the relationship with SSC is higher in double unders than in single unders (basic jumps); however, the relationship between jump rope and sprint performances has not been extensively studied. To clarify this relationship in elementary schoolchildren, we compared the sprint speed and SSC ability of children who were grouped according to gender and ability. The subjects were 143 elementary fifth and sixth graders (78 boys, 65 girls). The consecutive maximal number of double unders, reactivity index (index of SSC ability) by Myotest, and 20-m sprint time were measured. According to the mean of jump rope records, the children were divided into a superior ability group (more than average + 0.5 SD) and an inferior ability group (less than average - 0.5 SD) for each gender. In both genders, a significant difference was found in the 20-m sprint time between the inferior and superior ability groups. The times for the superior ability groups (boys, 3.75 ± 0.23 seconds; girls, 4.02 ± 0.24 seconds) were excellent compared with the inferior ability groups (boys, 4.17 ± 0.32 seconds; girls, 4.23 ± 0.21 seconds). This effect size was higher in boys (1.44) than in girls (0.93). The reactivity index in the superior ability group was excellent compared with that in the inferior ability group. In conclusion, children who perform better in double unders are also faster during a 20-m sprint run. This tendency may be higher in boys. Classic jump rope training, such as double unders, should be effective as elementary plyometrics for improving the sprint ability of children.
根据肌肉收缩的动态分析，跳绳是一种典型的拉长-缩短周期（SSC）运动。据报道，双摇跳绳与SSC的关系比单摇跳绳（基本跳跃）更高；然而，跳绳与短跑成绩之间的关系尚未得到广泛研究。为了阐明小学生中的这种关系，我们比较了根据性别和能力分组的儿童的短跑速度和SSC能力。受试者为143名小学五、六年级学生（78名男生，65名女生）。测量了连续双摇跳绳的最大次数、Myotest的反应指数（SSC能力指数）和20米短跑时间。根据跳绳记录的平均值，将每个性别的儿童分为能力较强组（高于平均水平+0.5标准差）和能力较弱组（低于平均水平-0.5标准差）。在两个性别中，能力较弱组和较强组之间在20米短跑时间上均存在显著差异。与能力较弱组（男生4.17±0.32秒；女生4.23±0.21秒）相比，能力较强组的时间（男生3.75±0.23秒；女生4.02±0.24秒）很出色。这种效应大小在男生（1.44）中高于女生（0.93）。能力较强组的反应指数比能力较弱组出色。总之，双摇跳绳表现较好的儿童在20米短跑中也更快。这种趋势在男生中可能更明显。经典的跳绳训练，如双摇跳绳，作为提高儿童短跑能力的初级增强式训练应该是有效的。
