KFO273, Department of Urology, UKT, University of Tuebingen, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2014;9(5):444-50. doi: 10.2174/1574888x09666140521144559.
Success of stem cell therapies were reported in different medical disciplines, including haematology, rheumatology, orthopaedic surgery, traumatology, and others. Currently, more than 4000 clinical trials using stem cells have been completed or are underway, among which 378 investigated or are at present investigating mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The majority of clinical trials using stem- or progenitor- cells, including hematopoietic stem cells and MSCs, target the immune system. However, therapies based on MSCs are increasingly implemented to treat symptoms in which failure of the resident stem cells in situ, or malfunction of tissues or structures are not associated with immune cells or inflammation, but instead are associated with mechanical or metabolic stress, ageing, developmental or acquired malformations, and other causes. To proceed further in the development of stem cell therapies as a safe and effective treatment for surgical and other medical specialities, the behaviour of MSCs implanted in preclinical models and their impact on the site of application need to be explored in detail. Depending on the pre-clinical model employed, tracking of labelled stem cells in live animals makes an enormous difference for exploration of the mechanisms and kinetics involved in MSC-mediated tissue regeneration. Here we review (pre-)clinically applicable key methods to label human MSCs for short and long-term observations in small and large animal models.
干细胞疗法在不同医学领域取得了成功，包括血液学、风湿病学、矫形外科、创伤学等。目前，已经完成或正在进行超过 4000 项使用干细胞的临床试验，其中 378 项研究或正在研究间充质基质细胞（MSCs）。大多数使用干细胞或祖细胞的临床试验，包括造血干细胞和 MSCs，都针对免疫系统。然而，基于 MSCs 的治疗方法越来越多地用于治疗症状，其中局部驻留干细胞的功能障碍或组织或结构的功能障碍与免疫细胞或炎症无关，而是与机械或代谢应激、衰老、发育或获得性畸形以及其他原因有关。为了在作为外科和其他医学专业的安全有效的治疗方法的干细胞疗法的发展中取得进一步进展，需要详细研究植入临床前模型中的 MSCs 的行为及其对应用部位的影响。根据所使用的临床前模型，对活体内标记的干细胞进行追踪对于探索涉及 MSC 介导的组织再生的机制和动力学有很大的帮助。在这里，我们回顾了（临床前）可应用的关键方法，用于标记人类 MSCs，以便在小动物和大动物模型中进行短期和长期观察。
