Prochilo Tiziana, Di Biasi Brunella, Aroldi Francesca, Bertocchi Paola, Sabatini Tony, Meriggi Fausto, Zaniboni Alberto
UO di Oncologia, Fondazione Poliambulanza Via Bissolati 57, 25124, Brescia, Italy.
Rev Recent Clin Trials. 2014;9(2):102-14. doi: 10.2174/1574887109666140522120931.
In recent years an increasing attention is focused on the potential effects of drugs on cancer incidence and/or cancer survival. Many medications of common use, developed for a variety of medical non-cancer situations, have been found to have potential anti- cancer effects. In this article, we performed an overview of the literature evidence for several commonly used non-cancer medications, such as aspirin, beta-blockers, metformin and other anti- diabetics, cardiac glycosides, anticoagulant heparin, statins, psychotropic drugs, vitamins, calcium and estrogens which have been shown to have anticancer effects, in observational and experimental studies. A huge amount of data supports the idea that a few of these commonly used medicines could decrease cancer death-rate, particularly aspirin, statins and metformin, crosswise different types of cancer. To date, no mature data are available from randomized and prospective trials; perhaps, the results of some studies underway will allow us to answer some questions on the possible use of these drugs in our clinical practice in primary and secondary prevention, or even in adjuvant setting.
近年来，药物对癌症发病率和/或癌症生存率的潜在影响受到越来越多的关注。许多为各种非癌症医疗情况开发的常用药物已被发现具有潜在的抗癌作用。在本文中，我们对几种常用的非癌症药物的文献证据进行了综述，这些药物包括阿司匹林、β受体阻滞剂、二甲双胍及其他抗糖尿病药物、强心苷、抗凝剂肝素、他汀类药物、精神药物、维生素、钙和雌激素，在观察性和实验性研究中已显示出具有抗癌作用。大量数据支持这样一种观点，即其中一些常用药物可以降低癌症死亡率，特别是阿司匹林、他汀类药物和二甲双胍，在不同类型的癌症中均有此作用。迄今为止，尚无来自随机和前瞻性试验的成熟数据；也许，一些正在进行的研究结果将使我们能够回答关于这些药物在我们的临床实践中用于一级和二级预防甚至辅助治疗的一些问题。
