Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648 Singapore.
Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2014 Jun;14(6):392-404. doi: 10.1038/nri3671.
Monocytes and macrophages have crucial and distinct roles in tissue homeostasis and immunity, but they also contribute to a broad spectrum of pathologies and are thus attractive therapeutic targets. Potential intervention strategies that aim to manipulate these cells will require an in-depth understanding of their origins and the mechanisms that ensure their homeostasis. Recent evidence shows that monocytes do not substantially contribute to most tissue macrophage populations in the steady state or during certain types of inflammation. Rather, most tissue macrophage populations in mice are derived from embryonic precursors, are seeded before birth and can maintain themselves in adults by self-renewal. In this Review, we discuss the evidence that has dramatically changed our understanding of monocyte and macrophage development, and the maintenance of these cells in the steady state.
单核细胞和巨噬细胞在组织稳态和免疫中具有至关重要且独特的作用，但它们也会导致广泛的病理变化，因此成为有吸引力的治疗靶点。旨在操纵这些细胞的潜在干预策略将需要深入了解它们的起源以及确保其稳态的机制。最近的证据表明，在稳态或某些类型的炎症中，单核细胞不会大量贡献于大多数组织中的巨噬细胞群体。相反，大多数组织中的巨噬细胞群体来源于胚胎前体，在出生前就已经定植，并可以通过自我更新在成年期维持自身。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了那些显著改变我们对单核细胞和巨噬细胞发育以及这些细胞在稳态下维持的理解的证据。
