Tang Mao-Zhi, Dou Ying, Zhao Xiao-Dong
Department of Nephritic Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2014 May;16(5):548-54.
Numerous studies have indicated that human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important viral pathogen in acute respiratory infections in children, presenting similar manifestations with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). HMPV infection peaks in the winter-spring season and is more prevalent in younger ages, especially in children less than 1 year old. Host innate immune response has been implicated in recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the virus. This recognition occurs through host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll like receptors (TLRs) are one of the largest class of PRRs which initiate and regulate adaptive immune responses. Some studies have indicated that TLR 3 and TLR 4 may play critical roles in hMPV infection. Construction of recombinant mutant viruses lacking one or two N-linked glycosylation sites in the F protein by using site-directed mutagenesis and reverse genetics may be helpful for developing attenuated live vaccines.
众多研究表明，人偏肺病毒（hMPV）是儿童急性呼吸道感染中的一种重要病毒病原体，其表现与呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）相似。hMPV感染在冬春季节达到高峰，且在低年龄段更为普遍，尤其是1岁以下儿童。宿主固有免疫反应参与对该病毒病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）的识别。这种识别通过宿主模式识别受体（PRR）发生。Toll样受体（TLR）是最大类别的PRR之一，可启动和调节适应性免疫反应。一些研究表明，TLR 3和TLR 4可能在hMPV感染中起关键作用。利用定点诱变和反向遗传学构建F蛋白中缺少一个或两个N-连接糖基化位点的重组突变病毒，可能有助于开发减毒活疫苗。
