Chambon Valérian, Sidarus Nura, Haggard Patrick
Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, INSERM U960 Paris, France ; Institut Jean Nicod, Ecole Normale Supérieure-EHESS, CNRS UMR-8129 Paris, France ; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London London, UK.
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London London, UK.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 May 15;8:320. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00320. eCollection 2014.
Sense of agency refers to the feeling of controlling an external event through one's own action. On one influential view, agency depends on how predictable the consequences of one's action are, getting stronger as the match between predicted and actual effect of an action gets closer. Thus, sense of agency arises when external events that follow our action are consistent with predictions of action effects made by the motor system while we perform or simply intend to perform an action. According to this view, agency is inferred retrospectively, after an action has been performed and its consequences are known. In contrast, little is known about whether and how internal processes involved in the selection of actions may influence subjective sense of control, in advance of the action itself, and irrespective of effect predictability. In this article, we review several classes of behavioral and neuroimaging data suggesting that earlier processes, linked to fluency of action selection, prospectively contribute to sense of agency. These findings have important implications for better understanding human volition and abnormalities of action experience.
能动感是指通过自身行动控制外部事件的感觉。有一种有影响力的观点认为，能动性取决于一个人行动后果的可预测性，随着行动的预测效果与实际效果之间的匹配度提高，能动感会增强。因此，当我们执行或仅仅打算执行一个行动时，跟随我们行动的外部事件与运动系统对行动效果的预测一致时，就会产生能动感。根据这种观点，能动性是在行动已经执行且其后果已知之后进行追溯推断的。相比之下，关于在行动本身之前且与效果可预测性无关的行动选择所涉及的内部过程是否以及如何影响主观控制感，我们知之甚少。在本文中，我们回顾了几类行为和神经成像数据，这些数据表明与行动选择流畅性相关的早期过程前瞻性地促成了能动感。这些发现对于更好地理解人类意志和行动体验异常具有重要意义。
