Desai Chirag K, Huang Jennifer, Lokhandwala Adil, Fernandez Aaron, Riaz Irbaz Bin, Alpert Joseph S
Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.
Clin Cardiol. 2014 Sep;37(9):576-81. doi: 10.1002/clc.22299. Epub 2014 May 23.
The production, sale, and consumption of multiple vitamins is a multibillion-dollar industry. Most Americans take some form of supplement ostensibly for prevention of cardiovascular disease. It has been claimed that vitamin A retards atherogenesis. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and is thought to possibly decrease free radical-induced endothelial injury, which can lead to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Vitamin E has been extensively studied for its possible effects on platelet function as well as inhibition of foam-cell formation. Low levels of vitamin D have been thought to negatively impact myocardial structure and increase the risk for cardiovascular events. Increased intake of vitamin B6, B12, and folate has been associated with reduction of homocysteine levels; elevated homocysteine blood levels have been associated with the occurrence of stroke, heart attack, and cardiovascular death. The purpose of this study was to review the currently available literature for vitamin supplementation with respect to prevention of cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, the current evidence suggests no benefit exists with vitamin supplementation in the general US population. Further research is needed to evaluate whether there are specific populations that might benefit from vitamin supplementation.
多种维生素的生产、销售和消费是一个价值数十亿美元的产业。大多数美国人服用某种形式的补充剂，表面上是为了预防心血管疾病。据称，维生素A可延缓动脉粥样硬化的发生。维生素C是一种抗氧化剂，被认为可能减少自由基引起的内皮损伤，而这种损伤会导致动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成。维生素E因其对血小板功能的可能影响以及对泡沫细胞形成的抑制作用而受到广泛研究。维生素D水平低被认为会对心肌结构产生负面影响，并增加心血管事件的风险。维生素B6、B12和叶酸摄入量的增加与同型半胱氨酸水平的降低有关；血液中同型半胱氨酸水平升高与中风、心脏病发作和心血管死亡的发生有关。本研究的目的是回顾目前关于维生素补充剂预防心血管疾病的现有文献。不幸的是，目前的证据表明，在美国普通人群中，维生素补充剂并无益处。需要进一步研究以评估是否有特定人群可能从维生素补充剂中获益。
