Ramírez-Vélez Robinson, Correa-Bautista Jorge Enrique, Martínez-Torres Javier, Meneses-Echávez José Francisco, Lobelo Felipe
Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA». Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
Grupo GICAEDS. Programa de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016 Feb 1;16:26. doi: 10.1186/s12884-016-0820-4.
Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with many adverse health outcomes and is highly prevalent worldwide. The present study assesses the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in a representative sample of pregnant women in Colombia.
We used data from the cross-sectional, nationally representative survey (ENSIN, 2010). A total of 1.781, (13-49 years old) pregnant women were enrolled. Serum Vitamin B12 a concentration was determined by chemiluminescence and sociodemographic date was assessed by computer-assisted personal interview technology. Multivariate analyses using unordered multinomial logistic regression models were conducted in the main analysis.
Vitamin B12 concentrations ranged from 45 to 1000 pg/mL (mean 299.2 pg/mL, 95% CI 290.6 to 303.7 pg/mL). A total of 18.6% of pregnant women had vitamin B12 concentrations below 200 pg/mL and 41.3% had concentrations between 200 and 300 pg/mL. Being of indigenous ethnicity, living in the east and living in a rural area showed the lowest mean values (273.2 pg/mL, 270.8 pg/mL and 290.1 pg/mL, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression shows that pregnant women belonging to the indigenous ethnic group OR 2.2, (95% CI 1.1 to 4.3), living in the pacific region (west) OR 4.4, (95% CI 2.8 to 6.9), or national territories (south) OR 2.3, (95% CI 1.4 to 3.7) were associated with a higher probability of serum vitamin B12 deficiency.
The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Colombian pregnant women is substantial. Factors associated with depletion among pregnant women should be considered for future interventions in countries experiencing nutritional transition.
维生素B12缺乏与许多不良健康后果相关，在全球范围内高度流行。本研究评估了哥伦比亚有代表性的孕妇样本中维生素B12缺乏的患病率及其社会人口学因素。
我们使用了来自全国代表性横断面调查（2010年哥伦比亚全国营养与健康调查）的数据。共纳入了1781名年龄在13至49岁之间的孕妇。通过化学发光法测定血清维生素B12浓度，并通过计算机辅助个人访谈技术评估社会人口学数据。在主要分析中使用无序多项逻辑回归模型进行多变量分析。
维生素B12浓度范围为45至1000 pg/mL（平均299.2 pg/mL，95%置信区间为290.6至303.7 pg/mL）。共有18.6%的孕妇维生素B12浓度低于200 pg/mL，41.3%的孕妇浓度在200至300 pg/mL之间。属于原住民种族、居住在东部地区和农村地区的孕妇维生素B12浓度均值最低（分别为273.2 pg/mL、270.8 pg/mL和290.1 pg/mL）。多变量逻辑回归显示，属于原住民种族的孕妇比值比为2.2（95%置信区间为1.1至4.3），居住在太平洋地区（西部）的孕妇比值比为4.4（95%置信区间为2.8至6.9），或居住在国家领土（南部）的孕妇比值比为2.3（95%置信区间为1.4至3.7），这些情况与血清维生素B12缺乏的较高可能性相关。
哥伦比亚孕妇中维生素B12缺乏的患病率很高。在经历营养转型的国家，未来干预措施应考虑与孕妇维生素B12缺乏相关的因素。
