Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Poult Sci. 2014 Jul;93(7):1754-63. doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03750. Epub 2014 May 26.
Minerals play an important role for growth and bone stability in broilers. Thermal treatment and inclusion of organic acids in feed may affect the mineral absorption and tibial quality in broilers. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of thermal processing of feed including pelleting (P), long-term conditioning at 85°C (L), and expanding at 130°C (E) without and with 1.5% of an acid mixture containing 64% formic and 25% propionic acid on the apparent ileal absorption (AIA) of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, manganese, and zinc, their concentrations in liver and tibia, as well as various tibial quality parameters in broilers. In total, 480 one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks were assigned using a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. The ileal digesta, liver, and tibia were collected at d 35. The AIA of calcium and sodium was improved in group E compared with L (P ≤ 0.02 and P ≤ 0.01). Group P and E showed higher AIA for potassium than L (P ≤ 0.01). Bone ash content was increased in group E compared with L (P ≤ 0.04). The BW to bone weight ratio was lower and tibial zinc content was higher in group P compared with E (P ≤ 0.05). Tibial iron content was higher in group L than E (P ≤ 0.03). Acid addition did not affect AIA, mineral content in tibia, or tibial quality parameters. Thermal and acid treatment did not affect mineral concentrations in the liver, except an inconsistent interaction effect for DM content and sodium (P ≤ 0.03 and P ≤ 0.04, respectively). In conclusion, long-term thermal treatment reduced AIA of some minerals compared with short-term thermal treatments, but had no impact on tibia composition. Acid inclusion had no effect on AIA of minerals and tibia quality. Thermal treatment and the use of organic acids can therefore be considered as safe with regard to their impact on bone development in broilers.
矿物质对肉鸡的生长和骨骼稳定性起着重要作用。热加工和饲料中添加有机酸可能会影响肉鸡的矿物质吸收和胫骨质量。本研究旨在探讨饲料的热加工（制粒、85°C 长期调质和 130°C 膨化）对钙、磷、镁、钾、钠、铁、铜、锰和锌在肉鸡回肠表观吸收率（AIA）、肝脏和胫骨中的浓度以及胫骨质量参数的影响，同时还研究了 1.5%有机酸混合物（包含 64%甲酸和 25%丙酸）的添加效果。总共 480 只 1 日龄科宝肉鸡采用完全随机设计，3×2 因子设计。第 35 天收集回肠食糜、肝脏和胫骨。与 L 组相比，E 组的钙和钠 AIA 提高（P≤0.02 和 P≤0.01）。与 L 组相比，P 组和 E 组的钾 AIA 更高（P≤0.01）。E 组的骨灰含量高于 L 组（P≤0.04）。与 E 组相比，P 组的 BW 与骨重比更低，胫骨锌含量更高（P≤0.05）。与 E 组相比，L 组的胫骨铁含量更高（P≤0.03）。添加酸对 AIA、胫骨矿物质含量或胫骨质量参数没有影响。热和酸处理对肝脏中的矿物质浓度没有影响，除了 DM 含量和钠的不一致交互作用（P≤0.03 和 P≤0.04）。综上所述，与短期热处理相比，长期热处理降低了一些矿物质的 AIA，但对胫骨成分没有影响。添加酸对矿物质的 AIA 和胫骨质量没有影响。因此，就其对肉鸡骨骼发育的影响而言，热处理和使用有机酸可以被认为是安全的。
