Williams L E, Winfree L T, Clinton L
Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, Texas.
Violence Vict. 1989 Spring;4(1):27-44.
The current study examines the self-reported victimizations of 90 public school teachers, over one-third of whom reported school-based theft of personal property or threats of violence. The study addressed two basic questions. First, what was the relationship between these school-based victimization experiences and the level of fear expressed by teachers? Second, what was the relationship between both the victimizations and fear and teacher satisfaction with their jobs and their employers? In order to provide a thorough examination of these relationships, several recognized correlates of teacher satisfaction, including respondent's sex, age, work assignments, and racial attitudes and orientations, were included in the analysis. It was found that teacher satisfaction was influenced not only by factors normally associated with teaching, but also by perceptions of and experiences with youthful misbehavior at school. For its part, fear of crime exhibited a strong direct link to both types of satisfaction, and it apparently mitigated the influences of racism on satisfaction with one's job and employer. These observations were consistent with an emerging perspective in victimization studies, which views the link between victimizations and fear of crime as part of the more general social climate, including perceptions of one's work environment, a perspective that frees the researcher from the confines of more traditional conceptualizations about crime.
本研究调查了90名公立学校教师自我报告的受害情况，其中超过三分之一的教师报告称在校内个人财产被盗或受到暴力威胁。该研究探讨了两个基本问题。第一，这些校内受害经历与教师表达的恐惧程度之间有何关系？第二，受害情况和恐惧与教师对工作及雇主的满意度之间有何关系？为了全面考察这些关系，分析中纳入了几个公认的与教师满意度相关的因素，包括受访者的性别、年龄、工作任务以及种族态度和倾向。研究发现，教师满意度不仅受到通常与教学相关的因素影响，还受到对校内青少年不良行为的认知和经历的影响。就犯罪恐惧而言，它与两种满意度都呈现出强烈的直接关联，而且显然减轻了种族主义对工作及雇主满意度的影响。这些观察结果与受害研究中一种新出现的观点一致，该观点将受害情况与犯罪恐惧之间的联系视为更广泛社会氛围的一部分，包括对工作环境的认知，这种观点使研究者摆脱了更传统的犯罪概念的局限。
