Jandíková Hana, Dušková Michaela, Šimůnková Kateřina, Rácz Beáta, Hill Martin, Pospíšilová Hana, Kmeťová Alexandra, Králíková Eva, Vondra Karel, Stárka Luboslav
Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Prague Med Rep. 2014;115(1-2):60-6. doi: 10.14712/23362936.2014.6.
Smoking represents the most widespread substance dependence in the world. Nicotine alters women hormonal homeostasis. Women smokers have higher testosterone and lower estradiol levels throughout life compared to nonsmokers. We monitored the effect of smoking discontinuation on steroid spectrum with 25 postmenopausal women smokers. They had been examined before discontinuation of smoking and after 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks of abstinence. Blood was collected to determine steroid spectrum (measured by GC-MS), luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and sex hormone binding globulin (measured by IRMA). Repeated measures ANOVA model was used for evaluation of the data. In postmenopausal women, an increase in testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and other androgens occurred. Neither nicotine replacement therapy nor weight changes nor age play a role in androgen level increase. The higher androgens levels correlated with failure in smoking cessation. Women smokers have higher androgen levels, which might play a role in smoking dependence development. Women successful in smoking cessation, compared to the non-successful ones, have lower androgen levels initially and also after smoking discontinuation.
吸烟是全球最为普遍的物质依赖形式。尼古丁会改变女性的激素稳态。与不吸烟的女性相比，吸烟女性一生中的睾酮水平较高，雌二醇水平较低。我们对25名绝经后吸烟女性戒烟对类固醇谱的影响进行了监测。在她们戒烟前以及戒烟6周、12周、24周和48周后进行了检查。采集血液以测定类固醇谱（通过气相色谱 - 质谱法测量）、促黄体生成素、促卵泡激素和性激素结合球蛋白（通过免疫放射分析测量）。采用重复测量方差分析模型对数据进行评估。在绝经后女性中，睾酮、双氢睾酮、脱氢表雄酮和其他雄激素水平出现了升高。尼古丁替代疗法、体重变化和年龄在雄激素水平升高过程中均不起作用。较高的雄激素水平与戒烟失败相关。吸烟女性的雄激素水平较高，这可能在吸烟依赖的发展中起作用。与戒烟不成功的女性相比，成功戒烟的女性最初以及戒烟后雄激素水平均较低。
