Marcotte Karine, Ansaldo Ana Inés
École d'orthophonie et audiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
École d'orthophonie et audiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
Brain Lang. 2014 Aug;135:9-19. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.04.004. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
This study aimed at investigating the neural basis of word learning as a function of age and word type. Ten young and ten elderly French-speaking participants were trained by means of a computerized Spanish word program. Both age groups reached a similar naming accuracy, but the elderly required significantly more time. Despite equivalent performance, distinct neural networks characterized the ceiling. While the young cohort showed subcortical activations, the elderly recruited the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left lingual gyrus and the precuneus. The learning trajectory of the elderly, the neuroimaging findings together with their performance on the Stroop suggest that the young adults relied on control processing areas whereas the elderly relied on episodic memory circuits, which may reflect resorting to better preserved cognitive resources. Finally, the recruitment of visual processing areas by the elderly may reflect the impact of the language training method used.
本研究旨在探究作为年龄和单词类型函数的词汇学习的神经基础。十名年轻的和十名年长的说法语参与者通过一个计算机化的西班牙语单词程序进行训练。两个年龄组达到了相似的命名准确率，但年长者需要显著更多的时间。尽管表现相当，但不同的神经网络表征了上限。年轻组表现出皮层下激活，而年长者激活了左侧额下回、左侧舌回和楔前叶。年长者的学习轨迹、神经影像学结果以及他们在斯特鲁普测试中的表现表明，年轻人依赖于控制加工区域，而年长者依赖于情景记忆回路，这可能反映了诉诸于保存得更好的认知资源。最后，年长者对视觉加工区域的激活可能反映了所使用的语言训练方法的影响。
