有或没有在自杀行为发生前进行精神科咨询的自杀未遂者特征比较：一项横断面研究。

A comparison of the characteristics of suicide attempters with and without psychiatric consultation before their suicidal behaviours: a cross-sectional study.

作者信息

Harada Kohei, Eto Nobuaki, Honda Yoko, Kawano Naoko, Ogushi Yuma, Matsuo Mayuko, Nishimura Ryoji

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.

出版信息

BMC Psychiatry. 2014 May 21;14:146. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-14-146.

DOI:10.1186/1471-244X-14-146

PMID:24886087

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4032354/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Because psychiatric disorders are risk factors for suicide, psychiatric consultation should be an essential element of suicide prevention among individuals with a high risk of suicide. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of individuals who had or had not received psychiatric consultation before they attempted suicide in Japan.

METHODS

Clinical records were used to identify 300 consecutive persons who were admitted to the hospital for attempting suicide between April 2006 and March 2013. We divided the patients into two groups. One group consisted of patients who consulted a psychiatrist before their suicidal behaviours (the consultation group), and the other group consisted of patients who had not consulted a psychiatrist before their suicidal behaviours (the non-consultation group). Group differences were analysed with respect to gender, age, method of suicide attempts, psychiatric diagnosis (ICD-10), and duration of hospitalisation in the emergency unit.

RESULTS

Females tended to be over-represented in the consultation group (73.0%), and males tended to be over-represented in the non-consultation group (59.8%). Poisoning by prescription drugs was used more frequently as a method of suicide in the consultation group than in the non-consultation group. Neuroticism and related disorders were higher in the non-consultation group (33.7%) than in the consultation group (18.9%). Mood disorders (32.6%) were nearly as common as neuroticism in the non-consultation group, and together they accounted for almost two-thirds of all diagnoses. Mood disorders were comparable between the consultation group (30.9%) and the non-consultation group (32.6%). Adult personality disorders (13.3%) and schizophrenia and related disorders (26.0%) were higher in the consultation group than in the non-consultation group.

CONCLUSIONS

Measures have to be taken to encourage people with these diverse characteristics to consult psychiatrists, and psychiatrists have to regularly evaluate patients for suicide risk. Furthermore, we need further research on the relationship between psychiatric consultation and poisoning by prescribed drugs.

摘要

背景

由于精神疾病是自杀的风险因素，精神科会诊应成为自杀高风险个体预防自杀的重要环节。本研究的目的是比较在日本自杀未遂前接受或未接受精神科会诊的个体特征。

方法

利用临床记录确定2006年4月至2013年3月期间因自杀未遂而连续入院的300人。我们将患者分为两组。一组由在自杀行为前咨询过精神科医生的患者组成（会诊组），另一组由在自杀行为前未咨询过精神科医生的患者组成（非会诊组）。分析两组在性别、年龄、自杀未遂方法、精神科诊断（ICD-10）和急诊室住院时间方面的差异。

结果

会诊组中女性比例偏高（73.0%），非会诊组中男性比例偏高（59.8%）。与非会诊组相比，会诊组中使用处方药中毒作为自杀方法的情况更为频繁。非会诊组中神经症及相关障碍的比例（33.7%）高于会诊组（18.9%）。在非会诊组中，情绪障碍（32.6%）与神经症几乎一样常见，两者合计占所有诊断的近三分之二。会诊组（30.9%）和非会诊组（32.6%）的情绪障碍情况相当。会诊组中成人人格障碍（13.3%）和精神分裂症及相关障碍（26.0%）的比例高于非会诊组。