促进青少年男孩 HPV 疫苗接种的社会营销活动的干预效果。
Intervention effects from a social marketing campaign to promote HPV vaccination in preteen boys.
机构信息
School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 3365, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3365, United States.
NC TraCS Institute, Community Academic Resources for Engaged Scholarship (CARES), Home of the UNC Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7064, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7064, United States.
出版信息
Vaccine. 2014 Jul 16;32(33):4171-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.044. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
OBJECTIVES
Adoption of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the US has been slow. In 2011, HPV vaccination of boys was recommended by CDC for routine use at ages 11-12. We conducted and evaluated a social marketing intervention with parents and providers to stimulate HPV vaccination among preteen boys.
METHODS
We targeted parents and providers of 9-13 year old boys in a 13 county NC region. The 3-month intervention included distribution of HPV vaccination posters and brochures to all county health departments plus 194 enrolled providers; two radio PSAs; and an online CME training. A Cox proportional hazards model was fit using NC immunization registry data to examine whether vaccination rates in 9-13 year old boys increased during the intervention period in targeted counties compared to control counties (n=15) with similar demographics. To compare with other adolescent vaccines, similar models were fit for HPV vaccination in girls and meningococcal and Tdap vaccination of boys in the same age range. Moderating effects of age, race, and Vaccines for Children (VFC) eligibility on the intervention were considered.
RESULTS
The Cox model showed an intervention effect (β=0.29, HR=1.34, p=.0024), indicating that during the intervention the probability of vaccination increased by 34% in the intervention counties relative to the control counties. Comparisons with HPV vaccination in girls and Tdap and meningococcal vaccination in boys suggest a unique boost for HPV vaccination in boys during the intervention. Model covariates of age, race and VFC eligibility were all significantly associated with vaccination rates (p<.0001 for all). HPV vaccination rates were highest in the 11-12 year old boys. Overall, three of every four clinic visits for Tdap and meningococcal vaccines for preteen boys were missed opportunities to administer HPV vaccination simultaneously.
CONCLUSIONS
Social marketing techniques can encourage parents and health care providers to vaccinate preteen boys against HPV.
目的
美国 HPV 疫苗接种率一直较为缓慢。2011 年，CDC 建议在 11-12 岁年龄段为男孩常规接种 HPV 疫苗。本研究针对父母和医疗服务提供者开展并评估了一项社会营销干预措施，以刺激青少年前男性 HPV 疫苗接种。
方法
我们将目标人群定为北卡罗来纳州 13 个县 9-13 岁男孩的父母和提供者。为期 3 个月的干预措施包括向所有县卫生部门以及 194 名在册提供者分发 HPV 疫苗海报和宣传册；两个电台公共服务公告；以及在线 CME 培训。使用北卡罗来纳州免疫登记处的数据，采用 Cox 比例风险模型，检验目标县（n=15）与具有类似人口统计学特征的对照县（n=15）相比，在干预期间 9-13 岁男孩的疫苗接种率是否增加。为了与其他青少年疫苗进行比较，还为同年龄段女孩 HPV 疫苗接种、男孩脑膜炎球菌和 Tdap 疫苗接种拟合了类似模型。还考虑了年龄、种族和 Vaccines for Children（VFC）资格对干预的调节作用。
结果
Cox 模型显示出干预效果（β=0.29，HR=1.34，p=.0024），表明在干预期间，与对照县相比，干预县的疫苗接种概率增加了 34%。与女孩 HPV 疫苗接种以及男孩 Tdap 和脑膜炎球菌疫苗接种的比较表明，男孩 HPV 疫苗接种在干预期间有独特的提升。年龄、种族和 VFC 资格的模型协变量均与疫苗接种率显著相关（p<.0001）。11-12 岁男孩的 HPV 疫苗接种率最高。总体而言，每四例青少年前 Tdap 和脑膜炎球菌疫苗接种门诊就诊中，有三例错失了同时接种 HPV 疫苗的机会。
结论
社会营销技术可以鼓励父母和医疗服务提供者为青少年前男性接种 HPV 疫苗。
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