Arria Amelia M, Caldeira Kimberly M, Moshkovich Olga, Bugbee Brittany A, Vincent Kathryn B, O'Grady Kevin E
Department of Behavioral and Community Health, Center on Young Adult Health and Development (CYAHD), University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jun;38(6):1790-8. doi: 10.1111/acer.12426. Epub 2014 May 30.
Many underage drinkers obtain alcohol from legal-age family, friends, and acquaintances. This study aimed to understand the attitudes and behaviors of young adults related to providing alcohol to underage drinkers.
Participants were 755 current or recent college students of legal drinking age (ages 22 to 26) who were approached by a minor to provide alcohol at least once since turning 21. Interviewers assessed frequency of providing alcohol, relationship to the recipients, and general attitudes about providing alcohol to minors. Separate questions asked about younger (under 18) and older (18 to 20) minors. Correlates and predictors of provision and frequency of provision were examined via logistic regression and Poisson regression, focusing on demographics, sensation-seeking, behavioral dysregulation, age at first drink, parental history of alcohol problems, fraternity/sorority involvement, attitudes about provision, violations, peer drinking norms, and alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk during and post-college.
Most participants (84.6%) provided alcohol to minors at least once. Provision to older minors was more prevalent (82.8%) than to younger minors (20.7%); it was also more frequent. Few (2.4%) were ever caught providing alcohol. Recipients were more commonly friends or family members rather than acquaintances or strangers. Legal concerns about providing alcohol (82.5 and 53.7% for younger and older minors, respectively) were more prevalent than health concerns (55.7 and 9.5%). Legal concerns consistently predicted lower likelihood of provision, independent of demographics. Health concerns and lower post-college AUD risk scores also independently predicted lower likelihood of provision, but only to older minors. Fraternity/sorority involvement and higher peer drinking norms were associated with higher provision frequency, whereas legal concerns and college violations were associated with lower provision frequency.
Young adults who have recently turned 21 could represent an important target for prevention strategies to reduce underage drinking on college campuses. More research is needed to understand the motivations of young adults who provide alcohol to underage drinkers.
许多未成年饮酒者从达到法定饮酒年龄的家人、朋友和熟人那里获取酒精。本研究旨在了解年轻人向未成年饮酒者提供酒精的态度和行为。
参与者为755名当前或近期达到法定饮酒年龄（22至26岁）的大学生，他们在年满21岁后至少有一次被未成年人请求提供酒精。访谈者评估提供酒精的频率、与接受者的关系以及向未成年人提供酒精的总体态度。分别针对年龄较小（18岁以下）和年龄较大（18至20岁）的未成年人提出了不同问题。通过逻辑回归和泊松回归分析了提供酒精行为及其频率的相关因素和预测因素，重点关注人口统计学特征、寻求刺激、行为失调、首次饮酒年龄、父母的酒精问题史、兄弟会/姐妹会参与情况、对提供酒精的态度、违规行为、同伴饮酒规范以及大学期间和毕业后的酒精使用障碍（AUD）风险。
大多数参与者（84.6%）至少有一次向未成年人提供酒精。向年龄较大的未成年人提供酒精更为普遍（82.8%），高于向年龄较小的未成年人提供酒精的比例（20.7%）；提供频率也更高。很少有人（2.4%）曾因提供酒精而被抓住。接受者更常见的是朋友或家庭成员，而非熟人或陌生人。对提供酒精的法律担忧（分别为年龄较小和年龄较大未成年人的82.5%和53.7%）比健康担忧（分别为55.7%和9.5%）更为普遍。法律担忧始终预示着提供酒精的可能性较低，且不受人口统计学特征影响。健康担忧以及毕业后较低的酒精使用障碍风险评分也独立预示着提供酒精的可能性较低，但仅针对年龄较大的未成年人。兄弟会/姐妹会参与情况以及较高的同伴饮酒规范与较高的提供频率相关，而法律担忧和大学违规行为与较低的提供频率相关。
刚满21岁的年轻人可能是减少大学校园未成年饮酒预防策略的重要目标人群。需要更多研究来了解向未成年饮酒者提供酒精的年轻人的动机。
