Owens David M, Lumpkin Ellen A
Department of Dermatology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Department of Dermatology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2014 Jun 2;4(6):a013656. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a013656.
Our skin is the furthest outpost of the nervous system and a primary sensor for harmful and innocuous external stimuli. As a multifunctional sensory organ, the skin manifests a diverse and highly specialized array of mechanosensitive neurons with complex terminals, or end organs, which are able to discriminate different sensory stimuli and encode this information for appropriate central processing. Historically, the basis for this diversity of sensory specializations has been poorly understood. In addition, the relationship between cutaneous mechanosensory afferents and resident skin cells, including keratinocytes, Merkel cells, and Schwann cells, during the development and function of tactile receptors has been poorly defined. In this article, we will discuss conserved tactile end organs in the epidermis and hair follicles, with a focus on recent advances in our understanding that have emerged from studies of mouse hairy skin.
我们的皮肤是神经系统最外围的前哨，也是有害和无害外部刺激的主要感受器。作为一个多功能感觉器官，皮肤表现出多种多样且高度特化的机械敏感神经元阵列，其具有复杂的终末，即终器，能够区分不同的感觉刺激，并对这些信息进行编码以便进行适当的中枢处理。从历史上看，这种感觉特化多样性的基础一直未得到充分理解。此外，在触觉感受器的发育和功能过程中，皮肤机械感觉传入神经与驻留皮肤细胞（包括角质形成细胞、默克尔细胞和施万细胞）之间的关系也尚未明确界定。在本文中，我们将讨论表皮和毛囊中保守的触觉终器，重点关注从小鼠有毛皮肤研究中获得的最新认识进展。
