Turnidge John D, Gottlieb Thomas, Mitchell David H, Coombs Geoffrey W, Pearson Julie C, Bell Jan M
SA Pathology (Women's and Children's Hospital), Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, North Adelaide, South Australia.
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord, Concord, New South Wales.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2013 Sep 30;37(3):E219-23. doi: 10.33321/cdi.2013.37.33.
The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric Gram-negative pathogens. The 2010 survey focussed on community-onset infections, examining isolates from urinary tract infections from patients presenting to outpatient clinics, emergency departments or to community practitioners. Two thousand and ninety-two Escherichia coli, 578 Klebsiella species and 268 Enterobacter species were tested using a commercial automated method (Vitek 2, BioMérieux) and results were analysed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints from January 2012. Of the key resistances, non-susceptibility to the third-generation cephalosporin, ceftriaxone, was found in 3.2% of E. coli and 3.2%-4.0% of Klebsiella spp. Non-susceptibility rates to ciprofloxacin were 5.4% for E. coli, 1.0%-2.3% for Klebsiella spp., and 2.5%-6.6% in Enterobacter spp, and resistance rates to piperacillin-tazobactam were 2.8%, 3.2%-6.9%, and 16.8%-18.0% for the same 3 groups respectively. Only 3 strains, 2 Klebsiella spp. and 1 Enterobacter spp, were shown to harbour a carbapenemase (IMP-4).
澳大利亚抗菌药物耐药性小组（AGAR）定期开展时期患病率研究，以监测特定肠道革兰氏阴性病原体的抗菌药物耐药性变化。2010年的调查聚焦于社区获得性感染，检查了门诊诊所、急诊科或社区医生处就诊患者尿路感染的分离菌株。使用商业自动化方法（Vitek 2，生物梅里埃公司）对2092株大肠杆菌、578株克雷伯菌属和268株肠杆菌属进行了检测，并采用2012年1月临床和实验室标准协会的断点对结果进行分析。在主要耐药情况中，第三代头孢菌素头孢曲松的不敏感率在大肠杆菌中为3.2%，在克雷伯菌属中为3.2%-4.0%。大肠杆菌对环丙沙星的不敏感率为5.4%，克雷伯菌属为1.0%-2.3%，肠杆菌属为2.5%-6.6%，这三组对哌拉西林-他唑巴坦的耐药率分别为2.8%、3.2%-6.9%和16.8%-18.0%。仅3株菌株（2株克雷伯菌属和1株肠杆菌属）被证明携带碳青霉烯酶（IMP-4）。
