Salomez M, Subileau M, Intapun J, Bonfils F, Sainte-Beuve J, Vaysse L, Dubreucq E
Montpellier SupAgro, UMR IATE, Montpellier, France.
J Appl Microbiol. 2014 Oct;117(4):921-9. doi: 10.1111/jam.12556. Epub 2014 Jun 26.
Natural rubber, produced by coagulation of the latex from the tree Hevea brasiliensis, is an important biopolymer used in many applications for its outstanding properties. Besides polyisoprene, latex is rich in many nonisoprene components such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids and thereby constitutes a favourable medium for the development of micro-organisms. The fresh rubber coagula obtained by latex coagulation are not immediately processed, allowing the development of various microbial communities. The time period between tree tapping and coagula processing is called maturation, during which an evolution of the properties of the corresponding dry natural rubber occurs. This evolution is partly related to the activity of micro-organisms and to the modification of the biochemical composition. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on microbial populations in latex and natural rubber coagula of H. brasiliensis and the changes they induce on the biochemistry and technical properties of natural rubber during maturation.
天然橡胶由巴西橡胶树的乳胶凝固而成，是一种重要的生物聚合物，因其优异的性能而被广泛应用。除了聚异戊二烯，乳胶还富含许多非异戊二烯成分，如碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂质，因此构成了微生物生长的有利介质。通过乳胶凝固获得的新鲜橡胶凝块不会立即进行加工，这使得各种微生物群落得以生长。从割胶到凝块加工的时间段称为熟化，在此期间，相应的干天然橡胶的性能会发生变化。这种变化部分与微生物的活动以及生化组成的改变有关。本文综述了关于巴西橡胶树乳胶和天然橡胶凝块中微生物种群的现有知识，以及它们在熟化过程中对天然橡胶生物化学和技术性能所引起的变化。
