Equra Health.
J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2014 May 8;15(3):4768. doi: 10.1120/jacmp.v15i3.4768.
The aim of the study was to design and construct an anatomical and radiological phantom of a neonatal chest for investigating image quality and patient entrance surface dose (ESD). The density, elemental composition, scatter, attenuation, and absorption characteristics of different possible substitute materials were compared to that of neonatal tissues for radiological equivalence. Availability and cost of possible substitute materials were also considered. The most optimal substitute materials were selected to represent neonatal muscle, bone, healthy or aerated and sick or collapsed lung. For anatomical equivalence, a computed tomography (CT) scan was performed on a neonatal cadaver. Dimensions of different organs and structures were measured with software measuring tools at different window and level settings. Simplifying assumptions, due to machining limitations, were made. The results were used to create scaled drawings, which were used to machine the structures of the phantom. The phantom was assembled in a layer-by-layer manner and was validated with region of interest (ROI) analyses. The neonatal chest simulation phantom was an acceptable simulation of a real neonatal chest based on ROI validation, with an overall deviation of 32.5%. The phantom was successfully used in our diagnostic radiology division for ESD and image quality investigations for chest anterior-posterior (AP) radiographs.
本研究旨在设计和构建用于研究图像质量和患者入射体表剂量（ESD）的新生儿胸部解剖学和放射学模型。比较了不同可能替代材料的密度、元素组成、散射、衰减和吸收特性，以达到放射等效性。还考虑了可能替代材料的可用性和成本。选择了最合适的替代材料来代表新生儿的肌肉、骨骼、健康或充气肺以及患病或塌陷肺。为了达到解剖学等效性，对新生儿尸体进行了计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描。使用软件测量工具在不同的窗口和水平设置下测量不同器官和结构的尺寸。由于加工限制，做出了简化假设。这些结果被用来创建缩放图，这些图被用来加工模型的结构。该模型以逐层的方式组装，并通过感兴趣区域（ROI）分析进行验证。根据 ROI 验证，新生儿胸部模拟模型是对真实新生儿胸部的可接受模拟，整体偏差为 32.5%。该模型成功地在我们的诊断放射科用于 ESD 和胸部前后（AP）射线照片的图像质量研究。
