Quiroz-Arcentales Leonardo, Hernández-Flórez Luis J, Agudelo Calderón Carlos A, Medina Katalina, Robledo-Martínez Rocío, Osorio-García Samuel D
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Bogotá, Colombia.
Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2013 Jan-Feb;15(1):66-79.
Establishing the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disease in children aged less than 12 years-old living within the Cesar department's coal-mining area and possible associated factors.
This was a cross-sectional study of 1,627 children aged less than 10 years-old living in and near coal-mining areas in the Cesar department who were exposed to different levels of PM10 from 2008-2010; their PM10 exposure-related symptoms and respiratory diseases were measured, seeking an association with living in areas exposed to particulate material.
Children living in areas close to coal-mining activity which also had high traffic volume had a higher rate of probable cases of asthma; those living in areas with traffic (not no coal-mining) were absent from school for more days due to acute respiratory disease. Respiratory symptoms were most commonly found in children experiencing living conditions which exposed them to cigarette or firewood smoke indoors, living in houses made with wattle and daub or adobe walls, living where animals were kept, living in damp housing and diesel-powered dump trucks operating within 100 m or less of their housing. Living in areas having high traffic volume increased the risk of respiratory symptoms, acute respiratory disease and being absent from school.
All the effects studied were associated with intramural conditions, individual factors or those associated with the immediate surroundings thereby coinciding with results found in similar studies regarding air pollution and health. It is thus suggested that regional strategies and policy be created for controlling and monitoring the air quality and health of people living in the Cesar department.
确定居住在塞萨尔省煤矿区的12岁以下儿童呼吸道症状和疾病的患病率以及可能的相关因素。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为2008年至2010年居住在塞萨尔省煤矿区及附近、暴露于不同水平PM10的1627名10岁以下儿童；测量他们与PM10暴露相关的症状和呼吸道疾病，探寻与居住在颗粒物暴露地区之间的关联。
居住在靠近煤矿开采活动且交通流量大的地区的儿童哮喘疑似病例发生率较高；居住在有交通（但无煤矿开采）地区的儿童因急性呼吸道疾病缺课天数更多。呼吸道症状最常见于生活环境使他们在室内接触香烟或柴火烟雾、居住在用荆条和泥土或土坯墙建造的房屋、居住在饲养动物的地方、居住在潮湿房屋以及柴油动力自卸卡车在其房屋100米或以内作业的儿童中。生活在交通流量大的地区会增加呼吸道症状、急性呼吸道疾病和缺课的风险。
所有研究的影响都与室内环境、个体因素或与周围环境相关的因素有关，因此与关于空气污染和健康的类似研究结果一致。因此，建议制定区域战略和政策来控制和监测塞萨尔省居民的空气质量和健康状况。
