Agudelo Gloria María, Giraldo Nubia Amparo, Aguilar Nora Luz, Restrepo Beatriz Elena, Vanegas Marcela, Alzate Sandra, Martínez Mónica, Gamboa Sonia Patricia, Castaño Eliana, Barbosa Janeth, Román Juliana, Serna Angela María, Hoyos Gloria Marcela
Research Group on Food and Human Nutrition, Universidad de Antioquia, E-mail:
Hospital General de Medellín, E-mail:
Colomb Med (Cali). 2012 Jun 30;43(2):147-53. eCollection 2012 Apr.
Nutritional support generates complications that must be detected and treated on time.
To estimate the incidence of some complications of nutritional support in patients admitted to general hospital wards who received nutritional support in six high-complexity institutions.
Prospective, descriptive and multicentric study in patients with nutritional support; the variables studied were medical diagnosis, nutritional condition, nutritional support duration, approach, kind of formula, and eight complications.
A total of 277 patients were evaluated; 83% received enteral nutrition and 17% received parenteral nutrition. Some 69.3% presented risk of malnourishment or severe malnourishment at admittance. About 35.4% of those receiving enteral nutrition and 39.6% of the ones who received parenteral nutrition had complications; no significant difference per support was found (p= 0.363). For the enteral nutrition, the most significant complication was the removal of the catheter (14%), followed by diarrhea (8.3%); an association between the duration of the enteral support with diarrhea, constipation and removal of the catheter was found (p < 0.05). For parenteral nutrition, hyperglycemia was the complication of highest incidence (22.9%), followed by hypophosphatemia (12.5%); all complications were associated with the duration of the support (p < 0.05). Nutritional support was suspended in 24.2% of the patients.
Complications with nutritional support in hospital-ward patients were frequent, with the removal of the catheter and hyperglycemia showing the highest incidence. Duration of the support was the variable that revealed an association with complications. Strict application of protocols could decrease the risk for complications and boost nutritional support benefits.
营养支持会引发一些并发症，必须及时发现并治疗。
评估在六家高复杂性机构接受营养支持的综合医院病房患者中某些营养支持并发症的发生率。
对接受营养支持的患者进行前瞻性、描述性多中心研究；研究的变量包括医学诊断、营养状况、营养支持持续时间、途径、配方类型和八种并发症。
共评估了277例患者；83%接受肠内营养，17%接受肠外营养。约69.3%的患者入院时存在营养不良风险或严重营养不良。接受肠内营养的患者中约35.4%以及接受肠外营养的患者中约39.6%出现并发症；每种支持方式之间未发现显著差异（p = 0.363）。对于肠内营养，最显著的并发症是导管拔除（14%），其次是腹泻（8.3%）；发现肠内支持持续时间与腹泻、便秘和导管拔除之间存在关联（p < 0.05）。对于肠外营养，高血糖是发生率最高的并发症（22.9%），其次是低磷血症（12.5%）；所有并发症均与支持持续时间相关（p < 0.05）。24.2%的患者暂停了营养支持。
病房患者营养支持并发症很常见，导管拔除和高血糖的发生率最高。支持持续时间是显示与并发症相关的变量。严格应用方案可降低并发症风险并提高营养支持效益。
